lateral pterygoid plate Medial Pteryqoid Maxillary tuberosity & lateral pterygoid plate N.B: Anterior division of mandibular nerve Lowers mandible Side to side movement (chewing) Elevates mandible Side to side movement lnner surface of ramus of mandible Main trunk of mandibular n. - Both muscles together protrude the mandible. - Lateral pterygoid divides the mandibular A. into 3 parts

 

N.B: The lvmph drainaqe of the head & neck finallv * - 3l l[ :ff1:i]1',ff;,lT# :l'i];J,::';::i'.

HEAD & NECK I

o Oculomotor nerve supplies all extraocular muscles except:

- Superior oblique (supplied by

trochlear n.)

- Lateral rectus (supplied by

abducent n.)

o Oculomotor nerve also supplies ciliary

ms & constrictor pupillae muscle.

. lnjury to oculomotor nerve will

{fiP""' - Diratation or pupir.

Ptosis.

- Lateral squint.

- Loss of accommodation.

rHE(Clllll)

a

a

IV.B,' Herniation of the uncus of temporal lohe through the tentorial notch ) pressure

on the ocutomotor nerve. {F

It is the Sth cranial nerve.

It is a mixed nerve, gives 2 sensory nerves & the

mandibular nerve.

Iuro sensory nerues

- The ophthalmic

nerve.

- The maxillary

nerve.

*.. -ou3 lnnorffibn, ttbIel ufl

fnrno a Nrcx

rlfiombralnlrvs tCil

Auri*ulolemporal

0lir

Chtrda

llerve i0 mylohydd

Llngual

lntrerler alueohr

gubmardibular

Buccsi IlEn e

lIefl&l norys

l&lvgs:

I opntulmlc lcxvlt

I HarlEary (CHYal

I ilanabuhr{sF}v3i

It is a mixed nerve. passes in foramen ovale and qives:

1. Nerve to medial ptervqoid (this also supplies the ten-qqr palati muscle).

2. Nervus spinosus.

3. Anterior division: {F

muscles of mastication.

lateral pterygoid i.e. it supplies the 4

-General sensation to the mucosa of anterior Ts of the tongue.

-Secretomotor fibers to sublingual glands.

nerve.

Mentat nerve passes through the mentalforamen which is located between the lower 1st &

/d premolars

Mandibular nerve passes in the foramen ovale & does nof pass through mandibular

foramen

Overlsw ot lxutsloll3, Latord Vlow

Au riculo-temporal nerve

Lingual nerve. lt oives:

i-l rA.D & N rc ii I

It passes in auditory meatus,

stylomastoid foramen.

facial canal & emerges through the

fsold nerur ffi

TatrpudaclEt brildl

ExHnsl acausfc meat6

Foaterior auriculgr ilB.lg

l'l6smillroms$

Olgafitlebimcfi

Cerr{GdffilC bsrdr

DEffiitr rnuth

lulandililE

o lt enters the parotid gland where it gives its five terminal branches.

Branches:

A

rfr

?gmral brancfi€s

zlrgffiialir b,rilctEg

fvf argiHl mildibubr bfttcL€o

Cervrxl branchas

ln focicrl cqnql it giver:

1) Greater superficial petrosal

2l Chorda tympani:

T€fltporot*ial branclr

fo$€rbr afiiilkr Her\,E

- Passes through tympanic cavity & petro-tympanic fissure.

- Carries taste sensation from the ant'zr's of lhe tongue.

I HEAD & NECK

3) Nerve to stapedius muscle.

fult crfter itr exit from rtylomortoid forcrmen it giuer:

1) Nerve to stylohyoid.

2) Nerve to posterior belly of digastric.

! ter-incrl brcrnchet (inside the parotid gland):

1) Temporal.

2) Zygomatic.

3) Buccal.

4) Mandibular.

5) Cervical (which supplies the platysma).

N.B: Facial nerue lesion ) inability to suck liquids through a straw.

It supplies all types of sensations (general & taste) to mucosa of the posterior Ts of the

tongue.

It supplies stylo-pharyngeus muscle (the only muscle supplied by it).

It is the longest cranial nerve.

Branches: see above.

Crcrnicrl pcrrt:

. Origin: Nucleus Ambiguous in medulla oblongata.

o Joins the vagus n. & distributed along its pharyngeal & laryngeal branches.

{lll'. ft supplies all muscles of the soft palate except tensor palati (which is supplied T by mandibular nerve;.

fpinql pcrd:

. arigin: upper 6 cervical segments.

. Supplr'es sternomastoid & trapezius.

It supplies the intrinsic muscles of the tongue and the extrinsic muscles which are

(hyoglossus, styloglossus, genioglossus & palatoglossus).

HEAD & NECK I

a

o

o Nerves that contribute to its formation: C1,

C2, C3. :

-Descedens hypoglossi C1 t

-Descendens cervicalis C2, 13' o Muscles supplied: sternothyrold, sternohyoid,

omohyoid.

NB: Thyrohyoid is supplied by C1 directly.

Rout aferm

H{rbdk

SuFmor

lflrstor

c{

cs

E-rcsduar

PlfiEfilc

mffe

hHrstsrnGffi

of @F

lmogH

nmr{Cll ffil

I-o t

,**ro* I

otcorru | 62.

Dfo[B I

L"

Ht*olryid

hsmrleflffd.rurl t{ilrut [rydttud

Thnfirsrd

I slmpathetic OuUIow

! Parasympaft etic Outflorv

frE

tecrfiffiagHld

frluryx mor&rss d nue{td$olaE

Su*rmdtudargffi

€Gftgsldand

[g*;rn*ma

hffild#nd

r{ffit

ltr$il

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Bronfii

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Shfrsrn

fffiflid1€s$#

L!rcratdSsts

Filc|€aE

Suryen*ghnd

S{Tidl inffil*

:JFgEhtrSlfts

fiedlEsl

ffi&cry

EHHer

Sau.depure

ESsn*gEr*bliE

SrrErwqlhtn

FshlcrflrrtmE

HEAD & NECK I

Vertebral levels of the structures

o Spinal root of accessory nerve crosses transverse process

of atlas

o Open mouth and dens

oSu ior cervical qanolion

of hvoid bone

o

o

Upper border of thyroid cartilage

Bifurcation of common carotid arteries

o Cricoid cartilage

o Larynx becomes trachea

o Pharynx becomes esophagus

o Middle cervical ganglion

o Vertebral artery enters foramen Transversum of C6

o Carotid tubercle of Chassaignac

.o lnferior thyroid artery crosses to thyroid gland and passes

behind the svmoathetic chain

o First clearly palpable spinous process (C7)

o Stellate /inferior cervical qanglion

I trEno a NECK

Temporalis

Temporal fossa

of the skull

Coronoid process of

the mandible

Anterior division of the

mandibular nerve

&gomfitic arsh, firt

Ctrondd process

ol manfihta

Elevates &

retracts mandible

Elevates &

protrudes

mandible

Zygomatic arch

of the maxilla

Outer surface of

ramus of

mandible

Anterlor division of

mandibular nerve

Zygomlharch

M a ssete r

HEAD & NTCK I

Lateral Ptervqoid

Greater wing of Neck of

sphenoid & mandible

lateral pterygoid

plate

Medial Pteryqoid

Maxillary

tuberosity &

lateral pterygoid

plate

N.B:

Anterior division of mandibular

nerve

Lowers mandible

Side to side

movement

(chewing)

Elevates mandible

Side to side

movement

lnner surface of ramus of

mandible

Main trunk of

mandibular n.

- Both muscles together protrude the mandible.

- Lateral pterygoid divides the mandibular A. into 3 parts

Lrbrd Ecrrgold

0igaslrie:

Intariorbelly

fueterior belly

Thyrolryoki

thyroid adihge

Stemodeilomastotd:

Sbfllalhed

Clavicular

*;*.'- - :':: i!:Ji€i

Aohrl0r Vl0U Head f,nd il€ct E,fiend8d

Anterior bellv: digastric

fossa of mandible

Posterior bellv: medial

surface of the mastoid

process

lntermediate tendon

connected to hyoid

bone

Anterior belly:

mandibular

nerve.

Posterior belly:

facial nerve

Nerve to mylohyoid

(from mandibular n.)

. Depression of

the mandible

. Elevation of the

hyoid bone

Mvlohyoid musqle

It forms the floor of the mouth

Mylohyoid line of

the mandible

Median raphe & body

of hyoid bone

. Depression of

mandible

. Elevation of

hyoid bone

i"iIAD & NICK L

These include omohyoid, sternohy

0igastic;

Arrle*or

Podedor befly

Thyr[]iJold

ltyroid

$teilodeidomashfrt

Sknalh6d

Clavi*lar

.-i:

&rbrh,I Uliw' ]bad afll l&ck Erbilbd

Omohvoid

Superior belly:

body of hyoid bone

lnferior bellv:

upper border of

the scapula

Back of Body of hyoid

manubrium bone

Ste rn othyro id

lntermediate tendon

connected to clavicle by

fibrous sling

Depresses the hyoid

bone in the 2nd phase of

deglutition

Ansa

cervicalis

(Cr,z,s)

Ansa cervicalis

(Cr,z,a)

Depresses the hyoid bone in the

2nd phase of deglutition

Back of

manubrium

Oblique line of

thyroid cartilage

Oblique line of the