topics

Legros M et al. rhGM-CSF vs. placebo following rhGM-CSF-mobilized PBPC transplantation: a phase III doubleblind randomized trial. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;19(23):209.

Powles R et al. Human recombinant GM-CSF in allogeneic bone-marrow transplantation for leukaemia: doubleblind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 1990;336:1417.

Estey EH. Treatment of acute myelogenous leukemia. Oncology (Williston Park). 2002;16:343.

National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN). NCCN clinical practice guidelines. oncology: acute myeloid

leukemia. Version 2.2011.

Erlich HA et al. HLA DNA typing and transplantation. Immunity. 2001;14:347.

Mickelson E, Petersdorf EW. Histocompatibility. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’ Hematopoietic Cell

Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2009:145.

Speiser DE et al. High resolution HLA matching associated with decreased mortality after unrelated bone

marrow transplantation. Blood. 1996;87:4455–4462.

Davies SM et al. Engraftment and survival after unrelated donor bone marrow transplantation: a report from the

national marrow donor program. Blood. 2000;96:4096.

Weisdorf DJ et al. Allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for chronic myelogenous leukemia: comparative

analysis of unrelated versus matched sibling donor transplantation. Blood. 2002;99:1971.

Anasetti C et al. Improving availability and safety of unrelated donor transplants. Curr Opin Oncol. 2000;12:121.

Morishima Y et al. The clinical significance of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele compatibility in patients

receiving a marrow transplant from serologically HLA-A, HLA-B, and HLA-DR matched unrelated donors.

Blood. 2002;99:4200.

Sierra J, Anasetti C. Hematopoietic transplantation from adult unrelated donors. Curr Opin Organ Transplant.

2003;8:99.

Sage D. My approach to the immunogenetics of haematopoietic stem cell transplant matching. J Clin Pathol.

2010; 63:194.

Pidala J et al. Nonpermissive HLA-DPB1 mismatch increases mortality after myeloablative unrelated allogeneic

hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood. 2014;124(16):2596–2606.

O’Donnell MR. Blood group incompatibilities and hemolytic complications of hematopoietic cell transplantation.

In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’ Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell;

2009:1219.

Rowley SD et al. Experiences of donors enrolled in a randomized study of allogeneic bone marrow or peripheral

blood stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2001;97:2541.

Schmitz N. Peripheral blood hematopoietic cells for allogeneic transplantation. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2009:618.

Bittencourt H et al. Association of CD34 cell dose with hematopoietic recovery, infections, and other outcomes

after HLA-identicalsibling bone marrow transplantation. Blood. 2002;99:2726.

Stem Cell Trialists’ Collaborative Group. Allogeneic peripheral blood stem-cell compared withbone marrow

transplantation in the management of hematologic malignancies: an individual patient data meta-analysis of nine

randomized trials. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:5074.

Brunstein CG, Wagner JE. Umbilical cord blood transplantation. In: Hoffman R et al, eds. Hematology Basic

Principles and Practice. Philadelphia, PA: Churchill Livingstone Elsevier; 2009:1643.

Broxmeyer HE, Smith FO. Cord blood hematopoietic cell transplantation. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2009:559.

Wagner JE, Gluckman E. Umbilical cord blood transplantation: the first 20 years. Semin Hematol. 2010;47:3.

Rocha V et al. Improving outcomes of cord blood transplantation: HLA matching, cell dose and other graft- and

transplantation-related factors. Br J Haematol. 2009;147:262.

Brunstein CG, Laughlin MJ. Extending cord blood transplant to adults: dealing with problems and results overall.

Semin Hematol. 2010;47:86.

Barker JN et al. Transplantation of 2 partially HLA-matched umbilical cord blood units to enhance engraftment in

adults with hematologic malignancy. Blood. 2005;105:1343.

Fernandez MN et al. Cord blood transplants: early recovery of neutrophils from co-transplanted sibling

haploidentical progenitor cells and lack of engraftment of cultured cord blood cells, as ascertained by analysis of

DNA polymorphisms. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001;28:355.

Delaney C et al. Notch-mediated expansion of human cord blood progenitor cells capable of rapid myeloid

reconstitution. Nat Med. 2010;16:232.

Brunstein CG et al. Intra-BM injection to enhance engraftment after myeloablative umbilical cord blood

transplantation with two partially HLA-matched units. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2009;43:935.

Frassoni F et al. Direct intrabone transplant of unrelated cord-blood cells in acute leukaemia: a phase I/II study.

Lancet Oncol. 2008;9:831.

Eapen M et al. Outcomes of transplantation of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood and bone marrow in children

with acute leukaemia: a comparison study. Lancet. 2007;369:1947.

Ratajczak MZ et al. Modulation of the SDF-1-CXCR4 axis by the third complement component (C3)—

implications for trafficking of CXCR4+ stem cells. Exp Hematol. 2006;34:986.

Eapen M et al. Effect of graft source on unrelated donor haemopoietic stem-cell transplantation in adults with

acute leukaemia: a retrospective analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2010;11:653.

Brunstein CG et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation for hematological malignancy: relative risks and

benefits of double umbilical cord blood. Blood. 2010;116:4693.

Ballen KK et al. Double unrelated reduced-intensity umbilical cord blood transplantation in adults. Biol Blood

Marrow Transplant. 2007;13:82.

Brunstein CG et al. Umbilical cord blood transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning: impact on

transplantation outcomes in 110 adults with hematologic disease. Blood. 2007;110:3064.

Weiden PL et al. Antileukemic effect of graft-versus-host disease in human recipients of allogeneic-marrow

grafts. N EnglJ Med. 1979;300:1068.

Weiden PL et al. Antileukemic effect of chronic graft-versus host disease: contribution to improved survival after

allo- geneic marrow transplantation. N EnglJ Med. 1981;304:1529.

Ho VT, Soiffer RJ. The history and future of T-cell depletion as graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis for

allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2001;98:3192.

Marmont AM et al. T-cell depletion of HLA-identical transplants in leukemia. Blood. 1991;78:2120.

MacKinnon S. Who may benefit from donor leucocyte in fusions after allogeneic stem cell transplantation? Br J

Haematol. 2000;110:12.

Childs RW. Nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem-cell transplantation as immunotherapy for

malignant diseases. Cancer J. 2000;6:179.

Vassal G et al. Is 600 mg/m

the appropriate dosage of busulfan in children undergoing bone marrow

transplantation? Blood. 1992;79:2475.

Socie G et al. Busulfan plus cyclophosphamide compared with total-body irradiation plus cyclophosphamide

before marrow transplantation for myeloid leukemia: long-term follow-up of 4 randomized studies. Blood. 2001;

98:3569.

Balducci L, Extermann M. Cancer and aging. An evolving panorama. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2000;14:1.

Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research. Report on state of the art in blood and marrow

transplantation. IBMTR/ABMTR Newsl. 2006;12:1.

Champlin R et al. Nonmyeloablative preparative regimens for allogeneic hematopoietic transplantation: biology

and current indications. Oncology (Williston Park). 2003;17:94.

Bryant E, Martin PJ. Documentation of engraftment and characterization of chimerism following hematopoietic

cell transplantation. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’ Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 3rd ed. Malden,

MA: Blackwell; 2004:234.

Kristt D et al. Assessing quantitative chimerism longitudinally: technical considerations, clinical applications and

routine feasibility. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2007;39:255.

Baron F etal. Kinetics of engraftment in patients with hematologic malignancies given allogeneic hematopoietic

cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative conditioning. Blood. 2004;104:2254.

Deeg HJ et al. Optimization of allogeneic transplant conditioning: not the time for dogma. Leukemia.

2006;20:1701.

Van Besien K et al. Fludarabine, melphalan and alemtuzumab conditioning in adults with standard-risk advanced

acute myeloid leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome. J Clin Oncol. 2005;23:5728.

Maris MB et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation after fludarabine and 2 Gy total body irradiation for

relapsed and refractory mantle cell lymphoma. Blood. 2004;104:3535.

Martin PJ et al. Effects of in vitro depletion of T cells in HLA-identical allogeneic marrow grafts. Blood.

1985;66:664.

Nash RA et al. Phase 3 study comparing methotrexate and tacrolimus with methotrexate and cyclosporine for

prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease after marrow transplantation from unrelated donors. Blood.

2000;96:2062.

Giralt S et al. Reduced-intensity conditioning for unrelated donor progenitor cell transplantation: long-term followup of the first 285 reported to the national marrow donor program. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2007;13:844.

Rezvani AR et al. Prevention of graft-vs-host disease. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2012;13:1737–1750

Openshaw H. Neurological complications of hematopoietic cell transplantation. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2009:1653.

Tran HT et al. Individualizing high-dose oral busulfan: prospective dose adjustment in a pediatric population

undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation for advanced hematologic malignancies. Bone Marrow

Transplant. 2000;26:463.

McCune JS, Slattery JT. Pharmacological considerations of primary alkylators. In: Andersson B, Murray D, eds.

Clinically Relevant Resistance in Cancer Chemotherapy. Boston, MA: Kluwer Academic; 2002:323.

Nguyen L et al. Intravenous busulfan in adults prior to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a population

pharmacokinetic study. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 2006;57:191.

Ciurea SO, Andersson BJ. Busulfan in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.

2009;15: 523.

Shepherd JD et al. Mesna versus hyperhydration for the prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic

cystitis in bone marrow transplantation. J Clin Oncol. 1991;9:2016.

Cox PJ. Cyclophosphamide cystitis—identification of acrolein as the causative agent. Biochem Pharmacol.

1979;28: 2045.

Hensley ML et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guidelines for the use of chemotherapy

and radiotherapy protectants. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:3333.

Hows JM et al. Comparison of mesna with forced diuresis to prevent cyclophosphamide induced haemorrhagic

cystitis in marrow transplantation: a prospective randomised study. Br J Cancer. 1984;50:753.

Vose JM et al. Mesna compared with continuous bladder irrigation as uroprotection during high-dose

chemotherapy and transplantation: a randomized trial. J Clin Oncol. 1993;11:1306.

James CA et al. Pharmacokinetics of intravenous and oral sodium 2-mercaptoethane sulphonate (mesna) in

normalsubjects. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1987;23:561.

Ren S et al. Pharmacokinetics of cyclophosphamide and its metabolites in bone marrow transplantation patients.

Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1998;64:289.

Fleming RA et al. Urinary elimination of cyclophosphamide alkylating metabolites and free thiols following two

administration schedules of high-dose cyclophosphamide and mesna. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;17:497.

Kris MG et al. American Society of Clinical Oncology guideline for antiemetics in oncology: update 2006

[published correction appears in J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:5341]. J Clin Oncol. 2006;24:1.

Cagnoni PJ et al. Modification of the pharmacokinetics of high-dose cyclophosphamide and cisplatin by

antiemetics. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1999;24:1.

Gilbert CJ et al. Pharmacokinetic interaction between ondansetron and cyclophosphamide during high-dose

chemotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol. 1998;42:497.

Strasser SI, McDonald GB. Gastrointestinal and hepatic complications. In: Blume KG et al, eds. Thomas’

Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. 4th ed. Malden, MA: Blackwell; 2009:1434.

Stiff P. Mucositis associated with stem cell transplantation: current status and innovative approaches to

management. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001;27(Suppl 2):S3.

Keefe DM et al. Updated clinical practice guidelines for the prevention and treatment of mucositis. Cancer.

2007;109: 820.

Spielberger R et al. Palifermin for oral mucositis after intensive therapy for hematologic cancers. N EnglJ Med.

2004; 351:2590.

Ringden O et al. Treatment with granulocyte colony stimulating factor after allogeneic bone marrow

transplantation for acute leukemia increases the risk of graft-versus host disease and death: a study from the

Acute Leukemia Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation. J Clin Oncol.

2004;22;416.

Carreras E et al. Incidence and outcome of hepatic veno-occlusive disease after blood or marrow

transplantation: A prospective cohort study of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation.

Blood. 1998;92:3599–3604.

McDonald GB et al. Veno-occlusive disease of the liver and multiorgan failure after bone marrow

transplantation: A cohort study of 355 patients. Ann Int Med. 1993;118:255–267.

Peters WP et al. Clinical and pharmacologic effects of high dose single agent busulfan with autologous bone

marrow support in the treatment of solid tumors. Cancer Res. 1987;47:6402.

Mohty M et al. Sinusoidal obstructive syndrome/veno-occlusive disease: current situation and perspectives—a

position statement from the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). Bone Marrow

Transplant. 2015;50:781–789.

Jones RJ et al. Venooclusive disease of the liver following bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation.

1987;44:778–783.

Attal M et al. Prevention of hepatic veno-occlusive disease after bone marrow transplantation by continuous low

dose heparin: a prospective, randomized trial. Blood. 1992;79:2834–2840.

Ruutu R et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for the prevention of hepatice complications in allogeneic stem cell

transplantation. Blood. 2002;100:1997–2083.

118.

131.

135.

Richardson PG et al. Treatment of severe veno-occlusive disease with defibrotide: compassionate use results in

response without significant toxicity in a high-risk population. Blood. 1998;92:737.

Chopra R et al. Defibrotide for the treatment of hepatic veno-occlusive disease: results of the European

compassionate-use study. Br J Haematol. 2000;111:1122.

Richardson PG et al. Multi-institutional use of defibrotide in 88 patients after stem cell transplantation with

severe venoocclusive disease and multisystem organ failure: response without significant toxicity in a high-risk

population and factors predictive of outcome. Blood. 2002;100:4337.

Corbacioglu S et al. Stem cell transplantation in children with infantile osteopetrosis is associated with a high

incidence of VOD, which could be prevented with defibrotide. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006;38:547.

McSweeney PA et al. Hematopoietic cell transplantation in older patients with hematologic malignancies:

replacing high-dose cytotoxic therapy with graft-versus-tumor effects. Blood. 2001;97:3390.

Wolff SN. Second hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for the treatment of graft failure, graft rejection or

relapse after allogeneic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2002;29:545.

Baron F, Sandmaier BM. Current status of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation after nonmyeloablative

conditioning. Curr Opin Hematol. 2005;12:435.

Appelbaum FR. Haematopoietic cell transplantation as immunotherapy. Nature. 2001;411:385.

Welniak LA et al. Immunobiology of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Annu Rev Immunol.

2007;25: 139.

Deeg HJ. How I treat refractory acute GVHD. Blood. 2007;109:4119.

Filipovich AH et al. National Institutes of Health consensus development project on criteria for clinical trials in

chronic graft-versus-host disease: I. Diagnosis and staging working group report. Biol Blood Marrow

Transplant. 2005;11: 945.

Tabbara IA et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: complications and results. Arch Intern

Med. 2002; 162:1558.

Beatty PG et al. Marrow transplantation from related donors other than HLA-identical siblings. N Engl J Med.

1985; 313:765.

Barker JN et al. Survival after transplantation of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood is comparable to that of

human leukocyte antigen-matched unrelated donor bone marrow: results of a matched-pair analysis. Blood.

2001;97:2957.

Rocha V et al. Comparison of outcomes of unrelated bone marrow and umbilical cord blood transplants in

children with acute leukemia. Blood. 2001;97:2962.

Rocha V et al. Graft-versus-host disease in children who have received a cord-blood or bone marrow transplant

from an HLA-identical sibling. Eurocord and International Bone Marrow Transplant Registry Working

Committee on Alternative Donor and Stem Cell Sources. N EnglJ Med. 2000;342:1846.

Martin PJ et al. A retrospective analysis of therapy for acute graft-versus-host disease: initial treatment. Blood.

1990;76:1464.

Weiden PL et al. Anti-human thymocyte globulin (ATG) for prophylaxis and treatment of graft-versus-host

disease in recipients of allogeneic marrow grafts. Transplant Proc. 1978;10:213.

Deeg HJ et al. Cyclosporine as prophylaxis for graft-versushost disease: a randomized study in patients

undergoing marrow transplantation for acute nonlymphoblastic 5 leukemia. Blood. 1985;65:1325.

Storb R et al. Should methotrexate plus calcineurin inhibitors be considered standard of care for prophylaxis of

acute graft-versus-host disease? Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16:S18–S27.

Ratanatharathorn V et al. Phase III study comparing methotrexate and tacrolimus (Prograf, FK506) with

methotrexate and cyclosporine for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis after HLA-identical sibling bone

marrow transplantation. Blood. 1998;92:2303.

Horowitz MM et al. Tacrolimus vs. cyclosporine immunosuppression: results in advanced-stage disease

compared with historical controls treated exclusively with cyclosporine. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant.

1999;5:180.

Bolwell B et al. A prospective randomized trial comparing cyclosporine and short course methotrexate with

cyclosporine and mycophenolate mofetil for GVHD prophylaxis in myeloablative allogeneic bone marrow

transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004;34:621.

Nash RA et al. A phase i/ii study of mycophenolate mofetil in combination with cyclosporine for prophylaxis of

acute graft-versus-host disease after myeloablative conditioning and allogeneic hematopoietic cell

transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2005;11:495.

Chao NJ et al. Cyclosporine, methotrexate, and prednisone compared with cyclosporine and prednisone for

147.

164.

prophylaxis of acute graft-versus-host disease. N EnglJ Med. 1993;329:1225.

Goker H et al. Acute graft-versus-host disease: pathobiology and management [published correction appears in

Exp Hematol. 2001;29:653]. Exp Hematol. 2001;29: 259.

Schultz KR et al. Effect of gastrointestinal inflammation and age on the pharmacokinetics of oral microemulsion

cyclosporin A in the first month after bone marrow transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000;26:545.

Leather HL. Drug interactions in the hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipient: what every

transplanter needs to know. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2004;33: 137.

Przepiorka D et al. Relationship of tacrolimus whole blood levels to efficacy and safety outcomes after unrelated

donor marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 1999;5:94.

Duncan N, Craddock C. Optimizing the use of cyclosporin in allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow

Transplant. 2006;38:169.

Schmidt H et al. Correlation between low CSA plasma concentration and severity of acute Gv HD in bone

marrow transplantation. Blut. 1988;57:139.

Hows JM et al. Use of cyclosporin A in allogeneic bone marrow transplantation for severe aplastic anemia.

Transplantation. 1982;33:382.

Oshima K et al. Target blood concentrations of cyclosporine and tacrolimus in randomized controlled trials for

the prevention of acute GVHD after hematopoietic SCT. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2010;45:781.

Nakamura Y. Evaluation of appropriate blood level in continuous intravenous infusion from trough concentrations

after oral administration based on area under trough level in tacrolimus and cyclosporine therapy. Transplant

Proc. 2005;37:1725.

Furukawa T et al. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis of cyclosporine A (CsA) to find the best

single time point for the monitoring and adjusting of CsA dose using twice daily 3-h intravenous infusions in

allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. IntlJ Hematol. 2010;92:144.

Wingard JR et al. Relationship of tacrolimus (FK506) whole blood concentrations and efficacy and safety after

HLA-identicalsibling bone marrow transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 1998;4:157.

Couriel D et al. Acute graft-versus-host disease: pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, and management.

Cancer. 2004;101:1936.

Deeg HJ et al. Treatment of human acute graft-versushost disease with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine

with or without methylprednisolone. Transplantation. 1985;40:162.

Lazarus HM et al. Prevention and treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease: the old and the new. A report

from the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG). Bone Marrow Transplant. 1997;19:577.

Van Lint MT et al. Early treatment of acute graft-versus-host disease with high-or low-dose 6-

methylprednisolone: a multicenter randomized trial from the Italian Group for Bone Marrow Transplantation.

Blood. 1998;92:2288.

Antin JH et al. Novel approaches to the therapy of steroidresistant acute graft-versus-host disease. Biol Blood

Marrow Transplant. 2004;10:655.

Lee SJ. New approaches for preventing and treating chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 2005;105:4200.

Yamasaki S et al. Infectious complications in chronic graftversus-host disease: a retrospective study of 145

recipients of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation with reduced- and conventional-intensity

conditioning regimens. Transpl Infect Dis. 2008;10:252.

Perez-Simon JA et al. Chronic graft-versus-host disease: pathogenesis and clinical management. Drugs.

2006;66: 1041.

Vogelsang GB. How I treat chronic graft-versus-host disease. Blood. 2001;97:1196.

Lin X et al. Ocular manifestations of graft-versus-host disease: 10 year’s experience. Clin Opthal. 2015;9:1209–

1213.

Essell JH et al. Ursodiol prophylaxis against hepatic complications of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: a

randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 1998;128:975.

Ohashi K et al. The Japanese multicenter open randomized trial of ursodeoxycholic acid prophylaxis for hepatic

veno-occlusive disease after stem cell transplantation. Am J Hematol. 2000;64:32.

Ruutu T et al. Ursodeoxycholic acid for the prevention of hepatic complications in allogeneic stem cell

transplantation. Blood. 2002;100:1977.

Stern JM et al. Bone density loss during treatment of chronic GVHD. Bone Marrow Transplant. 1996;17:395.

Bowden RA. Respiratory virus infections after marrow transplant: the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research

Center experience. Am J Med. 1997;102:27.

Junghanss C et al. Incidence and outcome of bacterial and fungal infections following nonmyeloablative

171.

172.

173.

compared with myeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a matched control study. Biol

Blood Marrow Transplant. 2002;8:512.

Tomblyn M et al. Guidelines for preventing infectious complications among hematopoietic cell transplantation

recipients: a global perspective [published correction appears in Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2010;16:294].

Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2009;15;1143.

Gafter-Gvili A et al. Meta-analysis: antibiotic prophylaxis reduces mortality in neutropenic patients [published

correction appears in Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:704]. Ann Intern Med. 2005;142:979.

van de Wetering MD et al. Efficacy of oral prophylactic antibiotics in neutropenic afebrile oncology patients: a

systematic review of randomised controlled trials. Eur J Cancer. 2005;41:1372.

Bucaneve G et al. Quinolone prophylaxis for bacterial infections in afebrile high risk neutropenic patients. Eur J

Cancer. 2007;(Suppl 5):5.

Bucaneve G et al. Levofloxacin to prevent bacterial infection in patients with cancer and neutropenia. N Engl J

Med. 2005;353:977.

Cruciani M et al. Prophylaxis with fluoroquinolones for bacterial infections in neutropenic patients: a metaanalysis. Clin Infect Dis. 1996;23:795.

Engels EA et al. Efficacy of quinolone prophylaxis in neutropenic cancer patients: a meta-analysis. J Clin Oncol.

1998;16:1179.

Tunkel AR, Sepkowitz KA. Infections caused by viridans streptococci in patients with neutropenia. Clin Infect

Dis. 2002;34:1524.

Freifeld et al. Clinical practice guideline for the use of antimicrobial agents in neutropenic patients with cancer:

2010 update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2011;52:e56.

Goodman JL et al. A controlled trial of fluconazole to prevent fungal infections in patients undergoing bone

marrow transplantation. N EnglJ Med. 1992;326:845.

Slavin MA et al. Efficacy and safety of fluconazole prophylaxis for fungal infections after marrow

transplantation: a prospective, randomized, double-blind study. J Infect Dis. 1995;171:1545.

Marr KA et al. Epidemiology and outcome of mould infections in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:909.

Cornely OA et al. Evidence-based assessment of primary antifungal prophylaxis in patients with hematologic

malignancies. Blood. 2003;101:3365.

Wingard JR et al. Randomized double-blind trial of fluconazole versus voriconazole for prevention of invasive

fungal infection (IFI) after allo hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Blood. 2010;116:5111.

Cornely OA et al. Posaconazole vs. fluconazole or itraconazole prophylaxis in patients with neutropenia. N Engl

J Med. 2007;356:348–359.

Imhof A et al. Breakthrough fungal infections in stem cell transplant recipients receiving voriconazole. Clin

Infect Dis. 2004;39:743–746.

Singh N, Paterson DL. Aspergillus infections in transplant recipients. Clin Microbiol Rev. 2005;18:44.185.

Selby PJ et al. The prophylactic role of intravenous and long term oral acyclovir after allogeneic bone marrow

transplantation. Br J Cancer. 1989;59:434.

Burns LJ et al. Randomized clinical trial of ganciclovir vs acyclovir for prevention of cytomegalovirus

antigenemia after allogeneic transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2002;30:945.

Ljungman P. Prevention and treatment of viral infections in stem cell transplant recipients. Br J Haematol.

2002;118:44.

Vusirikala M et al. Valacyclovir for the prevention of cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic stem cell

transplantation: a single institution retrospective cohort analysis. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2001;28:265.

Dignani MC et al. Valacyclovir prophylaxis for the prevention of Herpes simplex virus reactivation in recipients

of progenitor cells transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2002;29:263.

Soubani AO, Chandrasekar PH. The clinicalspectrum of pulmonary aspergillosis. Chest. 2002;121:1988.

Steer CB et al. Varicella-zoster infection after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: incidence, risk factors

and prevention with low-dose acyclovir and ganciclovir. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000;25:657.

Razonable RR, Emery VC. Management of CMV infection and disease in transplant patients. Herpes.

2004;11:77.

Goodrich JM et al. Ganciclovir prophylaxis to prevent cytomegalovirus disease after allogeneic marrow

transplant. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118:173.

Boeckh M et al. Cytomegalovirus pp65 antigenemia-guided early treatment with ganciclovir versus ganciclovir at

engraftment after allogeneic marrow transplantation: a randomized double-blind study. Blood. 1996;88:4063.

198.

201.

202.

Zaia JA. Prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Clin Infect Dis.

2002;35: 999.

Boeckh M et al. Plasma polymerase chain reaction for cytomegalovirus DNA after allogeneic marrow

transplantation: comparison with polymerase chain reaction using peripheral blood leukocytes, pp65 antigenemia,

and viral culture. Transplantation. 1997;64:108.

St George K et al. A multisite trial comparing two cytomegalovirus (CMV) pp65 antigenemia test kits, biotest

CMV Brite and Bartels/Argene CMV antigenemia. J Clin Microbiol. 2000;38:1430.

Nichols WG et al. High risk of death due to bacterial and fungal infection among cytomegalovirus (CMV)-

seronegative recipients of stem cell transplants from seropositive donors: evidence for indirect effects of

primary CMV infection. J Infect Dis. 2002;185:273.

Boeckh M et al. Successful modification of a pp65 antigenemia-based early treatment strategy for prevention of

cytomegalovirus disease in allogeneic marrow transplant recipients. Blood. 1999;93:1781.

Schmidt GM et al. A randomized, controlled trial of prophylactic ganciclovir for cytomegalovirus pulmonary

infection in recipients of allogeneic bone marrow transplants: The City of Hope-Stanford-Syntex CMV Study

Group. N EnglJ Med. 1991;324:1005.

Goodrich JM et al. Early treatment with ganciclovir to prevent cytomegalovirus disease after allogeneic bone

marrow transplantation. N EnglJ Med. 1991;325:1601.

Ljungman P et al. Results of different strategies for reducing cytomegalovirus-associated mortality in allogeneic

stem cell transplant recipients. Transplantation. 1998;66:1330.

Ayala E et al. Valganciclovir is safe and effective as pre-emptive therapy for CMV infection in allogeneic

hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2006;37:851.

Diaz-Pedroche C et al. Valganciclovir preemptive therapy 7 for the prevention of cytomegalovirus disease in

high-risk seropositive solid-organ transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2006;82:30.

Reusser P et al. Randomized multicenter trial of foscarnet versus ganciclovir for preemptive therapy of

cytomegalovirus infection after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2002;99:1159.

Ljungman P et al. Cidofovir for cytomegalovirus infection and disease in allogeneic stem cell transplant

recipients. The Infectious Diseases Working Party of the European Group for Blood and Marrow

Transplantation. Blood. 2001;97:388.

Holmberg LA et al. Increased incidence of cytomegalovirus disease after autologous CD34-selected peripheral

blood stem cell transplantation. Blood. 1999;94:4029.

Junghanss C et al. Incidence and outcome of cytomegalovirus infections following nonmyeloablative compared

with myeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation, a matched controlstudy. Blood. 2002;99:1978.

Mohty M et al. High rate of secondary viral and bacterial infections in patients undergoing allogeneic bone

marrow mini-transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant. 2000;26: 251.

Marr KA et al. Invasive aspergillosis in allogeneic stem cell transplant recipients: changes in epidemiology and

risk factors. Blood. 2002;100:4358.

De La Rosa GR et al. Risk factors for the development of invasive fungal infections in allogeneic blood and

marrow transplant recipients. Transpl Infect Dis. 2002;4:3.

Wingard JR et al. Association of Torulopsis glabrata infections with fluconazole prophylaxis in neutropenic bone

marrow transplant patients. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1993;37:1847.

Wingard JR et al. Increase in Candida krusei infection among patients with bone marrow transplantation and

neutropenia treated prophylactically with fluconazole. N EnglJ Med. 1991;325:1274.

Patterson TF et al. Invasive aspergillosis: disease spectrum, treatment practices, and outcomes. I3 Aspergillus

Study Group. Medicine (Baltimore). 2000;79:250.

Ascioglu S et al. Defining opportunistic invasive fungal infections in immunocompromised patients with cancer

and hematopoietic stem cell transplants: an international consensus. Clin Infect Dis. 2002;34:7.

Marr KA et al. Antifungal therapy decreases sensitivity of the Aspergillus galactomannan enzyme

immunoassay. Clin Infect Dis. 2005;40:1762.

Marr KA et al. Aspergillosis: pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and therapy. Infect Dis Clin North Am.

2002;16:875.

Stevens DA, Lee JY. Analysis of compassionate use itraconazole therapy for invasive aspergillosis by the

NIAID Mycoses Study Group criteria. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:1857.

Ahmad SR et al. Congestive heart failure associated with itraconazole. Lancet. 2001;357:1766.

Terrell CL. Antifungal agents. Part II. The azoles. Mayo Clin Proc. 1999;74:78.

Herbrecht R et al. Voriconazole versus amphotericin B for primary therapy of invasive aspergillosis. N Engl J

229.

230.

Med. 2002;347:408.

Walsh TJ et al. Treatment of invasive aspergillosis with posaconazole inpatients who are refractory to or

intolerant of conventional therapy: an externally controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:2.

Stone EA et al. Caspofungin: an echinocandin antifungal agent. Clin Ther. 2002;24:351.

Denning DW et al. Micafungin (FK463), alone or in combination with other systemic antifungal agents, for the

treatment of acute invasive aspergillosis. J Infect. 2006;53:337.

Walsh TJ et al. Voriconazole compared with liposomal amphotericin B for empirical antifungal therapy in

patients with neutropenia and persistent fever [published correction appears in N Engl J Med. 2007;356:760]. N

EnglJ Med. 2002;346:225.

Denning DW et al. Efficacy and safety of voriconazole in the treatment of acute invasive aspergillosis. Clin

Infect Dis. 2002;34:563.

Petraitis V et al. Combination therapy in treatment of experimental pulmonary aspergillosis: synergistic

interaction between an antifungal triazole and an echinocandin. J Infect Dis. 2003;187:1834.

Kirkpatrick WR et al. Efficacy of caspofungin alone and in combination with voriconazole in a guinea pig model

of invasive aspergillosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002;46:2564.

Perea S et al. In vitro interaction of caspofungin acetate with voriconazole against clinical isolates of Aspergillus

spp. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2002;46:3039.

Lewis RE, Kontoyiannis DP. Rationale for combination antifungal therapy. Pharmacotherapy. 2001;21:149S.

Rizzo JD et al. Recommended screening and preventive practices for long-term survivors after hematopoietic

cell transplantation: joint recommendations of the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation, the

Center for International Blood and Marrow Transplant Research, and the American Society of Blood and

Marrow Transplantation. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2006;12:138.

Children’s Oncology Group. Long-term follow-up guidelines for survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young

adult cancers. Version 3.0. http://www.survivorshipguidelines.org/pdf/LTFUResourceGuide.pdf.

Accessed November 14, 2010.

Goldberg SL et al. Vaccinations against infectious diseases in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Oncology (Williston Park). 2003;17:539.

Antin JH. Clinical practice. Long-term care after hematopoietic-cell transplantation in adults. N Engl J Med.

2002;347:36.

Socie G et al. Nonmalignant late effects after allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Blood. 2003;101:3373.

Strasser SI, McDonald GB. Hepatitis viruses and hematopoietic cell transplantation: a guide to patient and donor

management. Blood. 1999;93:1127.

p. 2126

GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT

Children undergo considerable physiologic changes between birth and

adulthood. Although most follow the same general pattern of growth,

the timing of maturation varies from child to child.

Case 102-1 (Question 1),

Table 102-1

PHARMACOKINETIC DIFFERENCES

All aspects of pharmacokinetics are affected by growth and

development. Drug absorption is altered by a variety of mechanisms,

with the most significant differences noted during the first months of

life.

Case 102-2 (Question 1),

Case 102-3 (Questions 1–4)

Drug distribution is affected by changes in relative organ size, body

water content, fat stores, plasma protein concentrations, acid–base

balance, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion. The greatest degree of

change occurs during the first year of life.

Case 102-3 (Questions 5, 6),

Table 102-2

Metabolic function is highly dependent on patient age. This has been

demonstrated in a number of recent studies, which have identified

significant differences in half-life during infancy, childhood, and

adolescence.

topics

Translate

Search This Blog

الترجمة

Search This Blog

str

str

2

str

z

2

str

z

coinad

2/14/23

No comments:

Post a Comment