Johnsen T. Familial periodic paralysis with hypokalemia. Dan Med Bull. 1981;28:1.
Moravec MD, Hurlbert BJ. Hypokalemia associated with terbutaline administration in obstetrical patients.
Anesth Analg. 1980;59:917.
Ketchersid TL, Van Stone JC. Dialysate potassium. Semin Dial. 1991;4:46.
Moore EW. Ionized calcium in normal serum, ultrafiltrates and whole blood determined by ion-exchange
electrode. J Clin Invest. 1970;49:318.
Kassirer JP, Schwartz WB. The response of normal man to selective depletion of hydrochloric acid: factors in
the genesis of persistent gastric alkalosis. Am J Med. 1966;40:10.
Adams PC et al. Exaggerated hypokalaemia in acute myeloid leukaemia. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed).
1981;282:1034.
KnochelJP. Neuromuscular manifestations of electrolyte disorders. Am J Med. 1982;75:521.
Surawicz B. Relationship between electrocardiogram and electrolytes. Am Heart J. 1967;73:814.
Smith SR et al. Potassium chloride lowers blood pressure and causes natriuresis in older patients with
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
143.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1992;2:1302.
Helderman JH et al. Prevention of the glucose intolerance of thiazide diuretics by maintenance of body
potassium. Diabetes. 1983;32:106.
Tizianello A et al. Renal ammoniagenesis in humans with chronic potassium depletion. Kidney Int. 1991;40:772.
Stanaszek WF, Romankiewicz JA. Current approaches to management of potassium deficiency. Drug Intell Clin
Pharm. 1985;19:176.
Kruse JA, Carlson RW. Rapid correction of hypokalemia using concentrated intravenous potassium chloride
infusions. Arch Intern Med. 1990;150:613.
Bronson WR et al. Pseudohyperkalemia due to release of potassium from white blood cells during clotting. N
EnglJ Med. 1966;274:369.
Ingram RH Jr, Seki M. Pseudohyperkalemia with thrombocytosis. N EnglJ Med. 1962;267:895.
Mather A, Mackie NR. Effects of hemolysis on serum electrolyte values. Clin Chem. 1960;6:223.
Romano AT et al. Mild forearm exercise during venipuncture, and its effect on potassium determinations. Clin
Chem. 1977;23(2 Pt 1):303.
DeFronzo RA et al. Clinical disorders of hyperkalemia. In: Narins RG, ed. Maxwell & Kleeman’s Clinical
Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1994:697.
Cohen LF et al. Acute tumor lysis syndrome. A review of 37 patients with Burkitt’s lymphoma. Am J Med.
1980;68:486.
Perazella MA. Drug-induced hyperkalemia: old culprits and new offenders. Am J Med. 2000;109:307.
Preston RA et al. University of Miami Division of Clinical Pharmacology therapeutic rounds: drug-induced
hyperkalemia. Am J Ther. 1998;5:125.
Rimmer et al. Hyperkalemia as a complication of drug therapy. Arch Intern Med. 1987;147:867.
DeFronzo RA. Hyperkalemia and hyporeninemic hypoaldosteronism. Kidney Int. 1980;17:118.
Fraser R. Disorders of the adrenal cortex: their effects on electrolyte metabolism. Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1984;13:413.
Kurtzman NA et al. A patient with hyperkalemia and metabolic acidosis. Am J Kidney Dis. 1990;15:333.
Reardon LC, Macpherson DS. Hyperkalemia in outpatients using angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. How
much should we worry? Arch Intern Med. 1998;158:26.
Schlondorff D. Renal complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Kidney Int. 1993;44:643.
Bakris GL et al. ACE inhibition or angiotensin receptor blockade: impact onpotassium in renal failure. VALKStudy Group. Kidney Int. 2000;58:2084.
Lundborg P. The effect of adrenergic blockade on potassium concentrations in different conditions. Acta Med
Scand. 1983;672(Suppl):121.
Goggans FC. Acute hyperkalemia during lithium treatment of manic illness. Am J Psychiatry. 1980;137:860.
Abdel-Raheem MM et al. Effect of low-molecular-weight heparin on potassium homeostasis. Pathophysiol
Haemost Thromb. 2002;32:107.
Oster JR et al. Heparin-induced aldosterone suppression and hyperkalemia. Am J Med. 1995;98:575.
Briceland LL, Bailie GR. Pentamidine-associated nephrotoxicity and hyperkalemia in patients with AIDS. DICP.
1991;25:1171.
Velazquez H et al. Renal mechanism of trimethoprim-induced hyperkalemia. Ann Intern Med. 1993;119:296.
Alappan R et al. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole therapy in outpatients: is hyperkalemia a significant problem?
Am J Nephrol. 1999;19:389.
Caliskan Y et al. Cyclosporine-associated hyperkalemia: report of four allogeneic blood stem-cell transplant
cases. Transplantation. 2003;75:1069.
Woo M et al. Toxicities of tacrolimus and cyclosporin A after allogeneic blood stem cell transplantation. Bone
Marrow Transplant. 1997;20;1095.
Bismuth C et al. Hyperkalemia in acute digitalis poisoning: prognostic significance and therapeutic implications.
Clin Toxicol. 1973;6:153.
Bushinsky DA, Gennari FJ. Life-threatening hyperkalemia induced by arginine. Ann Intern Med. 1978;89:632.
Cooperman LH. Succinylcholine-induced hyperkalemia in neuromuscular disease. JAMA. 1970;213:1867.
Blumberg A et al. Effect of various therapeutic approaches on plasma potassium and major regulating factors in
terminal renal failure. Am J Med. 1988;85:507.
Nicolis GL et al. Glucose-induced hyperkalemia in diabetic subjects. Arch Intern Med. 1981;141:49.
Allon M et al. Effect of insulin-plus-glucose infusion with or without epinephrine on fasting hyperkalemia. Kidney
Int. 1993;43:212.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
Wong SL, Maltz HC. Albuterol for the treatment of hyperkalemia. Ann Pharmacother. 1999;33:103.
Allon M. Hyperkalemia in end stage renal disease: mechanism and management. J Am Soc Nephrol.
1995;6:1134.
Liou HH et al. Hypokalemic effects of intravenous infusion or nebulization of salbutamol in patients with chronic
renal failure: comparative study. Am J Kidney Dis. 1994;23:266.
Allon M, Copkney C. Albuterol and insulin for treatment of hyperkalemia in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int.
1990;38:869.
Gutierrez R et al. Effect of hypertonic versus isotonic sodium bicarbonate on plasma potassium concentration in
patients with end-stage renal disease. Miner Electrolyte Metab. 1991;17:291.
Scherr L et al. Management of hyperkalemia with a cation-exchange resin. N EnglJ Med. 1961;264:115.
Sterns RH et al. Ion-exchange resins for the treatment of hyperkalemia: are they safe and effective? J Am Soc
Nephrol. 2010;21:733–735.
US Food and Drug Administration. Kayexelate (sodium polystyrene sulfonate) powder.
http://www.fda.gov/Safety/MedWatch/default.htm. Accessed June 17, 2015.
Brown ST et al. Potassium removal with peritoneal dialysis. Kidney Int. 1973;4:67.
Sherman RA et al. Variability in potassium removal by hemodialysis. Am J Nephrol. 1986;6:284.
Ward RA et al. Hemodialysate composition and intradialytic metabolic acid-base and potassium changes. Kidney
Int. 1987;32:129.
Weir MR et al. Patiromer in patients with kidney disease and hyperkalemia receiving RAAS inhibitors. N EnglJ
Med. 2015;372:211–221.
Packham DK et al. Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate in hyperkalemia. N EnglJ Med. 2015;372:222–231.
Lindgarde F, Zettervall O. Hypercalcemia and normal ionized serum calcium in a case of myelomatosis. Ann
Intern Med. 1973;78:396.
Favus MJ. Transport of calcium by intestinal mucosa. Semin Nephrol. 1981;1:306.
LeRoith D, Pimstone BL. Bone metabolism and composition in the protein-deprived rat. Clin Sci. 1973;44:305.
Bourdeau JE et al. Calcium metabolism In: Narins RG, ed. Maxwell & Kleeman’s Clinical Disorders of Fluid
and Electrolyte Metabolism. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1994:243.
Benabe JE et al. Disorders of calcium metabolism. In: Narins RG, ed. Maxwell & Kleeman’s Clinical Disorders
of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism. 5th ed. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 1994:1009.
Mundy GR. Pathophysiology of cancer-associated hypercalcemia. Semin Oncol. 1990;17(2 Suppl 5):10.
Ladenson JH et al. Relationship of free and total calcium in hypercalcemic conditions. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
1979;48:393.
Beck N et al. Pathogenic role of cyclic AMP in the impairment of urinary concentrating ability in acute
hypercalcemia. J Clin Invest. 1974;54:1049.
Bajorunas DR. Clinical manifestations of cancer-related hypercalcemia. Semin Oncol. 1990;17(Suppl 5):16.
Suki WN et al. Acute treatment of hypercalcemia with furosemide. N EnglJ Med. 1970;283:836.
Davidson TG. Conventional treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001;58(Suppl
3):S8.
Minstock ML et al. Effect of calcitonin and glucocorticoids in combination on the hypercalcemia of malignancy.
Ann Intern Med. 1980;93:269.
Ritch PS. Treatment of cancer-related hypercalcemia. Semin Oncol. 1990;17(Suppl 5):26.
Major P. The use of zoledronic acid, a novel, highly potent bisphosphonate, for the treatment of hypercalcemia of
malignancy. Oncologist. 2002;7:481.
Ryzen E et al. Intravenous etidronate in the management of malignant hypercalcemia. Arch Intern Med.
1985;145:449.
Gucalp R et al. Comparative study of pamidronate disodium and etidronate disodium in the treatment of cancerrelated hypercalcemia. J Clin Oncol. 1992;10:134.
Bounameaux HM et al. Renal failure associated with intravenous diphosphonates. Lancet. 1983;1:471.
Francis MD, Slough CL. Acute intravenous infusion of disodium dihydrogen (1-
hydroxyethylidene)diphosphonate: mechanism of toxicity. J Pharm Sci. 1984;73:1097.
Major P et al. Zoledronic acid is superior to pamidronate in the treatment of hypercalcemia of malignancy: a
pooled analysis of two randomized, controlled clinical trials. J Clin Oncol. 2001;19:558.
Berenson JR. Advances in the biology and treatment of myeloma bone disease. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001;
58(Suppl 3):S16.
Warrell RP Jr et al. Metabolic effects of gallium nitrate administered by prolonged infusion. Cancer Treat Rep.
.
201.
202.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
1985;69:653.
Warrell RP Jr et al. Gallium nitrate inhibits calcium resorption from bone and is effective treatment for cancerrelated hypercalcemia. J Clin Invest. 1984;73:1487.
Warrell RP Jr et al. Gallium nitrate for treatment of refractory hypercalcemia from parathyroid carcinoma. Ann
Intern Med. 1987;107:683.
Warrell RP Jr et al. Gallium nitrate for acute treatment of cancer-related hypercalcemia. A randomized, doubleblind comparison to calcitonin. Ann Intern Med. 1988;108:669.
Warrell RP Jr et al. A randomized double-blind study of gallium nitrate compared with etidronate for acute
control of cancer-related hypercalcemia. J Clin Oncol. 1991;9:1467.
Haussler MR, McCain TA. Basic and clinical concepts related to vitamin D metabolism and action. N Engl J
Med. 1977;297:974.
Streck WF et al. Glucocorticoid effects in vitamin D intoxication. Arch Intern Med. 1979;139:974.
Baughman RP et al. Sarcoidosis. Lancet. 2003;361:1111.
Smith BJ et al. Prostaglandins and cancer. Ann Clin Lab Sci. 1983;13:359.
Dennis VW Phosphate disorders. In: Kokko JP, Tannen RL, eds. Fluids and Electrolytes. 3rd ed. Philadelphia,
PA: WB Saunders; 1996:359.
Harrison HE, Harrison HC. The effect of acidosis upon renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Am J Physiol.
1941;134:781.
Moog F, Glazier HS. Phosphate absorption and alkaline phosphatase activity in the small intestine of the adult
mouse and of the chick embryo and hatched chick. Comp Biochem Physiol. 1972;42A:321.
Fox J et al. Stimulation of duodenal and ileal absorption of phosphate in the chick by low-calcium and lowphosphate diets. Calcif Tissue Int. 1978;26:243.
Brommage R et al. Vitamin D-independent intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption during reproduction.
Am J Physiol. 1990;259:G631.
Sheikh MS et al. Reduction of dietary phosphorus absorption by phosphorus binders. J Clin Invest. 1989;83:66.
Levine BS et al. Hypophosphatemia and hyperphosphatemia: clinical and pathologic aspects. In: Narins RG, ed.
Maxwell & Kleeman’s Clinical Disorders of Fluid and Electrolyte Metabolism. 5th ed. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill; 1994:1045.
Portale AA et al. Dietary intake of phosphorus modulates the circadian rhythm in serum concentration of
phosphorus: implications for the renal production of 1,25-dihyroxyvitamin D. J Clin Invest. 1987;80:1147.
Eisenbrey AB et al. Mannitol interference in an automated serum phosphate assay. Clin Chem. 1987;33:2308.
Lee DB et al. Effect of phosphorus depletion on intestinal calcium and phosphorus absorption. Am J Physiol.
1979;236:E451.
Crook MA et al. The importance of the refeeding syndrome. Nutrition. 2001;17:632.
Lotz M et al. Evidence for phosphorus depletion syndrome 5 in man. N EnglJ Med. 1968;278:409.
Roxe DM et al. Phosphate-binding effects of sucralfate in patients with chronic renal failure. Am J Kidney Dis.
No comments:
Post a Comment
اكتب تعليق حول الموضوع