Vascular Malformations Overview

(Left) Autopsied brain depicts

an unruptured arteriovenous

malformation (AVM). Multiple

thin-walled vessels form the

AVM nidus ﬈. A larger vessel

﬇ may represent an

intranidal aneurysm. (Courtesy

R. Hewlett, MD.) (Right)

Autopsy of a thrombosed

carotid-cavernous fistula,

another type of

cerebrovascular malformation

that displays arteriovenous

shunting, shows multiple

enlarged, arterialized venous

channels ﬇. (Courtesy B.

Horten, MD.)

(Left) Autopsied case cut in

the axial plane shows a large

pontine capillary

telangiectasia ſt. Note the

transverse pontine fibers ﬇

crossing through the

telangiectasia without

interruption or distortion.

(Courtesy B. Horten, MD.)

(Right) Low-power

micropathology demonstrates

a mixed pontine cavernouscapillary malformation.

Normal white matter ﬉ is

interspersed with a cavernous

malformation ﬈ and multiple

tiny thin-walled vessels ﬊.

(Courtesy AFIP.)

(Left) Coronal autopsied brain

shows an incidental

developmental venous

anomaly in the frontal lobe

adjacent to the lateral

ventricle. Note enlarged

venous channels ﬈ with

normal white matter in

between. (Courtesy M.

Castillo, MD.) (Right) Clinical

photograph of a patient with

hereditary hemorrhagic

telangiectasis and multiple

episodes of severe epistaxis

shows innumerable small

capillary telangiectasias of the

skin and scalp, nasal, and oral

mucosa.

Trauma, and Stroke

Brain: Pathology-Based Diagnoses: Malformations,

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