ABSTRACT

In cancer, a patient is considered a survivor from the time of initial diagnosis until the end of life. With improvements in early diagnosis and treatment, the number of cancer survivors (CS) has grown considerably and includes: (1) Patients cured and free from cancer who may be at risk of late-onset cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT); (2) Patients with long-term control of not-curable cancers in whom CTR-CVT may need to be addressed. This paper highlights the importance of the cancer care continuum, of a patient-centered approach and of a prevention-oriented policy. The ultimate goal is a personalized care of CS, achievable only through a multidisciplinary-guided survivorship care plan, one that replaces the fragmented management of current healthcare systems. Collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists is the pillar of a framework in which primary care providers and other specialists must be engaged and in which familial, social and environmental factors are also taken into account.

PMID:37786510 | PMC:PMC10541962 | DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223660

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PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Papillary Adenocarcinoma: A Rare Subtype of Lung Adenocarcinoma

Cureus. 2023 Sep 7;15(9):e44838. doi: 10.7759/cureus.44838. eCollection 2023 Sep.

ABSTRACT

Papillary adenocarcinoma (PA) of the lung is a specific form of lung cancer characterized by papillary structures in tumor cells. This type of cancer is relatively rare and has distinct pathological and radiological features that differentiate it from other types of lung adenocarcinomas. Determining the specific subtype of adenocarcinoma is a crucial factor in the choice of chemotherapy treatment. Detecting PA is fundamental, as it has both prognostic and therapeutic implications for patients with lung carcinoma. In this paper, we discuss two cases of young patients diagnosed with PA of the lung. The cases we present are particularly intriguing due to the relatively young age of the patients.

PMID:37809161 | PMC:PMC10560075 | DOI:10.7759/cureus.44838

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PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Deep learning-assisted high-content screening identifies isoliquiritigenin as an inhibitor of DNA double-strand breaks for preventing doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity

Biol Direct. 2023 Oct 9;18(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s13062-023-00412-7.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Anthracyclines including doxorubicin are essential components of many cancer chemotherapy regimens, but their cardiotoxicity severely limits their use. New strategies for treating anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity (AIC) are still needed. Anthracycline-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) is the major cause of its cardiotoxicity. However, DSB-based drug screening for AIC has not been performed possibly due to the limited throughput of common assays for detecting DSB. To discover new therapeutic candidates for AIC, here we established a method to rapidly visualize and accurately evaluate the intranuclear anthracycline-induced DSB, and performed a screening for DSB inhibitors.

RESULTS: First, we constructed a cardiomyocyte cell line stably expressing EGFP-53BP1, in which the formation of EGFP-53BP1 foci faithfully marked the doxorubicin-induced DSB, providing a faster and visible approach to detecting DSB. To quantify the DSB, we used a deep learning-based image analysis method, which showed the better ability to distinguish different cell populations undergoing different treatments of doxorubicin or reference compounds, compared with the traditional threshold-based method. Subsequently, we applied the deep learning-assisted high-content screening method to 315 compounds and found three compounds (kaempferol, kaempferide, and isoliquiritigenin) that exert cardioprotective effects in vitro. Among them, the protective effect of isoliquiritigenin is accompanied by the up-regulation of HO-1, down-regulation of peroxynitrite and topo II, and the alleviation of doxorubicin-induced DSB and apoptosis. The results of animal experiments also showed that isoliquiritigenin maintained the myocardial tissue structure and cardiac function in vivo. Moreover, isoliquiritigenin did not affect the killing of HeLa and MDA-MB-436 cancer cells by doxorubicin and thus has the potential to be a lead compound to exert cardioprotective effects without affecting the antitumor effect of doxorubicin.

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provided a new method for the drug discovery for AIC, which combines phenotypic screening with artificial intelligence. The results suggested that isoliquiritigenin as an inhibitor of DSB may be a promising drug candidate for AIC.

PMID:37807075 | DOI:10.1186/s13062-023-00412-7

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PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Premature senescence and cardiovascular disease following cancer treatments: mechanistic insights

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Sep 14;10:1212174. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among the aging population. The "response-to-injury" model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross in 1999 emphasizes inflammation as a critical factor in atherosclerosis development, with atherosclerotic plaques forming due to endothelial cell (EC) injury, followed by myeloid cell adhesion and invasion into the blood vessel walls. Recent evidence indicates that cancer and its treatments can lead to long-term complications, including CVD. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is implicated in CVD pathogenesis, particularly in cancer survivors. However, the precise mechanisms linking premature senescence to CVD in cancer survivors remain poorly understood. This article aims to provide mechanistic insights into this association and propose future directions to better comprehend this complex interplay.

PMID:37781317 | PMC:PMC10540075 | DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174

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PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Outcomes of patients with active cancers and pre-existing cardiovascular diseases infected with SARS-CoV-2

Cardiooncology. 2023 Oct 6;9(1):36. doi: 10.1186/s40959-023-00187-w.