edetates, 260
ethylcellulose, 278
ethylene glycol palmitostearate, 283 glycerin monostearate, 308
guar gum, 315
hydroxypropyl cellulose, 336
hypromellose, 346
invert sugar, 747
lecithin, 409
magnesium aluminum silicate, 418 mineral oil and lanolin alcohols, 476 monoethanolamine, 478
pectin, 507
polacrilin potassium, 532
poloxamer, 535
polyvinyl alcohol, 592
potassium alginate, 594
potassium chloride, 600
povidone, 611
propyl gallate, 619
propylene glycol, 624 propylene glycol alginate, 627 raffinose, 635
sodium acetate, 654
sodium alginate, 656
sodium borate, 669
sodium stearyl fumarate, 707 sorbitol, 718
stearyl alcohol, 740
sulfobutylether b-cyclodextrin, 754
trehalose, 788
white wax, 817
xanthan gum, 821
xylitol, 824
yellow wax, 819
zinc acetate, 830
Stachyose, 636
Staflex DBP, 234
Starch, 444, 452, 703, 725, 732, 735, 753
corn, 725, 729
sterilizable, 732, 734
maize, 725, 729
sterilizable, 729, 732, 734 modified, dusting powder, 734 potato, 725
pregelatinized, 92, 703, 729, 731, 735
sterilizable maize, 729, 732, 734
wheat, 725
Starch 1500 G, 731
Starch 1500 LM, 732
Starch carboxymethyl ether, sodium salt, 701
Starch gum, 228
Starch sugar, 231
Starch syrup, 299
Starch-derivative dusting powder, 734
Star-Dri, 442, 444
Starfol Wax CG, 811 Stearalkonium hectorite, 319
Steareth-20, 564
Steareth-N, 564
Stearic acid, 103, 336, 407, 431, 484, 501,
587, 589, 731, 737, 833
aluminum dihydroxide salt, 42 aluminum salt, 42
calcium salt, 102
castor oil, 128 and corn oil, 204
and cottonseed oil, 206 magnesium salt, 430 monoester with glycerol, 308 peanut oil, 505
polyethoxylated, 585
�
purified, 739
sunflower oil, 760
zinc salt, 832
Stearic monoglyceride, 308
Stearol, 740
Stearyl alcohol, 151, 156, 740
Stearylamine, 111
Steatite, 767
Stenol, 740
Stepan GMO, 306
Stepan GMS, 308
Stepan IPM, 374
Stepan IPP, 376
Stereophanic acid, 737 Sterile water
for inhalation, 805
for injection, 805
for irrigation, 805
Sterile water for inhalation, 805 Sterile water for injection, 805 Sterile water for irrigation, 805 Sterilizable corn starch, 734 Sterilizable maize starch, 729, 734 Sterilizing agents
potassium metabisulfite, 607
see also Disinfectants
Sterisil, 323
Steri/Sol, 323
Sternpur, 409
Sterogenol, 158
Sterotex, 800
Sterotex HM, 800
Sterotex K, 131 Stiffening agents
anionic emulsifying wax, 807 carnauba wax, 810
cetyl alcohol, 155 cetyl esters wax, 811 dextrin, 228
hydrogenated castor oil, 130 microcrystalline wax, 813 nonionic emulsifying wax, 815 paraffin, 503
stearyl alcohol, 740
white wax, 817
yellow wax, 819
see also Gelling agents; Thickening agents; Viscosity-increasing agents
Strese & Hofmann’s Hectorite, 318 Strong ammonia solution, 44 Stronger ammonia water, 44 Substituted glucens, 161
Sucaryl, 679
Sucaryl calcium, 679
Sucaryl sodium, 641
Succinylsulfathiazole, 276
Sucralfate, 428
Sucralose, 742
Sucrose, 233, 292, 299, 636, 743–744, 749,
751, 753
alternatives to see Sweetening agents direct compacting, 748
gelatin capsule formation, 295 sweetness
vs. acesulfame potassium, 4
vs. aspartame, 53
vs. fructose, 290, 292
vs. lactitol, 384
vs. saccharin, 638
vs. saccharin sodium, 641
vs. xylitol, 827
vs. artificial sweetening agents, 640, 642
see also Sugar
914 Index
Sucrose syrup, 440
Sucticide, 152
Sugar, 744
alternatives to see Sweetening agents compressible, 747–748, 753
confectioner’s, 747, 750, 753
icing, 750
powdered, 750
refined, 744
see also Sucrose
Sugar coating adjuncts, 750 sucrose, 744
Sugar seeds, 752
Sugar spheres, 747, 749, 751–752
Sugar-free lozenges, 542
Sugartab, 749
Suglets, 752
Sukor, 486
Sulfate of lime, 106 anhydrous, 105
Sulfinylbismethane, 250
o-Sulfobenzimide, 638
o-Sulfobenzoic acid imide, 638
Sulfo-butanedioic acid 1,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl) ester, sodium salt, 257
Sulfobutylether b-cyclodextrin, 754
sodium salt, 754
1-p-Sulfophenylazo-2-naphthol-6-sulfonic acid disodium salt, 198
Sulfuric acid, 758
dilute, 759
fuming, 759
monododecyl ester sodium salt, 687 Sulfurous acid disodium salt, 708 Sulphinylbismethane, 250
Sulphuric acid, 758
Sunett, 4
Sunflower oil, 205, 207, 506, 647, 723,
760
refined, 760
Sunflowerseed oil, 760
Sunmalt, 447
Sunmalt S, 447
Sunscreens, 761
Sunset yellow FCF, 196, 198
Superiore, 767
Super-Tab Anhydrous, 385
Super-Tab Spray-Dried, 396
Suppocire, 762
Suppository bases, 550, 801
agar, 14
factors affecting drug release, 762 hard fat, 456, 762
additives, 762
chemical reactivity, 762
melting characteristics, 762
rheology, 762
poloxamer, 535
polyethylene glycol, 545
Supronic, 535
Surelease, 278
Sureteric, 589 Surfactants
anionic
docusate sodium, 257
emulsifying wax BP, 808, 816 and self-emulsifying glyceryl
monooleate, 306 sodium lauryl sulfate, 687
cationic
benzethonium chloride, 64
cetrimide, 152
cetylpyridinium chloride, 157
�sodium lauryl sulfate incompatibility, 688
chlorhexidine activity, 165
and emulsifying waxes, 808, 816
lauric acid, 406 nonionic
and butylparaben, 84
and ethylparaben, 288
and methylparaben, 468
and propylparaben, 630 and sorbic acid, 710–711
emulsifying wax USP, 808, 816
glyceryl monooleate, 306 polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, 564–565 polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives,
573
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, 581
polyoxyethylene stearates, 585
polysorbate 80, 468
sorbitan esters, 714
triethyl citrate, 796
see also Solubilizing agents; Wetting agents
Surgical spirit, 20 Suspending agents acacia, 1
agar, 14
alginic acid, 21
bentonite, 58
calcium stearate, 102
carbomers, 111
carboxymethylcellulose calcium, 118
carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 120
carrageenan, 124
cellulose, powdered, 136
cellulose, powdered, 136
ceratonia, 148
colloidal silicon dioxide, 188 dextrin, 228
gelatin, 295
guar gum, 315
hydroxyethyl cellulose, 330
hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose, 334
hydroxypropyl cellulose, 336
hypromellose, 346
kaolin, 378
magnesium aluminum silicate, 418 maltitol solution, 440
medium-chain triglycerides, 454
methylcellulose, 462
microcrystalline cellulose, 132 microcrystalline cellulose and
carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 134
polycarbophil, 539
polyethylene glycol, 545
potassium alginate, 594
povidone, 611
propylene glycol alginate, 627 sesame oil, 646
sodium alginate, 656 sodium starch glycolate, 701 sorbitan esters, 714
sucrose, 744
tragacanth, 785
xanthan gum, 821 Sustained-release agents
acetyltributyl citrate, 10
agar, 14
alginic acid, 21
carbomers, 111
carnauba wax, 809
carrageenan, 124
�cellulose acetate, 142
glycerin monostearate, 308
glyceryl monooleate, 306
glyceryl palmitostearate, 311
guar gum, 315 hydrogenated castor oil, 130
hydroxypropyl cellulose, 336
hypromellose, 346
hypromellose acetate succinate, 350 hypromellose phthalate, 354
mannitol, 449
methylcellulose, 462
oleyl alcohol, 496
peanut oil, 505
polacrilin potassium, 532
polyethylene oxide, 551
polyvinyl alcohol, 592
sesame oil, 646
sodium alginate, 656
sodium hyaluronate, 681
stearic acid, 737
sugar spheres, 752
tributyl citrate, 792
triethyl citrate, 796
white wax, 817
xanthan gum, 821–822
yellow wax, 819
zein, 828
see also Controlled-release agents
Sustane, 81
Suva 134a, 772
Swanlac, 649
Sweet almond oil, 30 Sweet One, 4 Sweetening agents
acesulfame potassium, 4–5
alitame, 28
artificial vs.sucrose, 640, 679
aspartame, 53, 55
compressible sugar, 748
confectioner’s sugar, 750
dextrose, 231
erythritol, 266
fructose, 290
glycerin, 301
inulin, 362
isomalt, 366
lactitol, 383
liquid glucose, 299
maltitol, 438
maltitol solution, 440
maltose, 447
mannitol, 449
neohesperidin dihydrochalcone, 486
polydextrose, 542
relative sweetness, 292
saccharin, 638
saccharin sodium, 641
sodium cyclamate, 678
sorbitol, 718, 720
sucralose, 742
sucrose, 744
synergistic effects, 640, 643, 679
thaumatin, 775
trehalose, 788
xylitol, 824
Sylvine, 601
Sylvinite, 601
Sylvite, 601
Synaceti 116, 811
Syncal CAS, 640
Synperonic, 535
Synthetic alpha tocopherol, 32
Index 915
Synthetic magnesium silicate, 428 Synthetic paraffin, 504
Synthetic spermaceti, 811 Syrupy phosphoric acid, 530
Tabfine D-100, 231
Table salt, 671
Tablet binders/binding agents see Binding agents
Tablet coating agents see Coating agents Tablet film former see Film-forming agents Tablet White, 725
Tablet/capsule diluents see Diluents (tablet/ capsule)
Tablet/capsule disintegrants see Disintegrants (tablet/capsule)
Tablet/capsule lubricants see Lubricants (tablet/capsule)
Tablet/capsule monogramming, shellac, 649 Tablets, chewable see Chewable tablet
formulations; Medicated confectionery bases
Tablitz, 731
Tablo, 701
Tabulose, 132
Talc, 60, 178, 319, 421, 429, 435, 645, 767,
800
methylparabens incompatibility, 468
powdered, 767
Talcum, 767
Talha gum, 1
Talin, 775
Tangantangan, 128
Tannic acid, 14
Tapi, 442
Tapioca, 725
Tapioca (cassava) starch, 725, 729
Tartaric acid, 187, 294, 437, 598, 770 effervescent tablet formulations, 665 sodium bicarbonate neutralization,
667
d-Tartaric acid, 770
L-(+)-Tartaric acid, 770
Tartrazine, 196, 198
Taste masking agents, erythritol, 266 taste-masking agents, glyceryl
palmitostearate, 311
Taumatin, 775
Taylorite, 58
TBC, 792
TEA, 794
Tealan, 794
TEC, 796
Teel oil, 646
Tegin, 306, 308
Tegin 503, 308
Tegin 515, 308
Tegin 4100, 308
Tegin M, 308
Tego Alkanol 16, 155
Tego Alkanol 18, 740
Tego Alkanol 1618, 150
Tego Alkanol 6855, 150
Tegosept B, 83
Tegosept E, 287
Tegosoft M, 374
Tegosoft P, 376
Tegostearic, 737
Telfairic acid, 414
Tenox BHA, 79–80
Tenox BHT, 81
Tenox PG, 619
Terra alba, 105
�
Tertiary calcium phosphate, 100 Tetracemate dipotassium, 261
Tetracemate tetrasodium, 262
Tetracemic acid, 260
Tetracemin, 262
Tetracycline, 379, 428
Tetradecanoic acid, 484
1-methylethyl ester, 374 Tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide,
153
Tetrafluoroethane, 243, 322, 772
Tetraglycol, 313
a-[(Tetrahydro-2-furanyl)methyl]-o-hydroxy- poly(oxy-1,2-ethanediyl), 313
a-(tetrahydrofuranyl)-o-Hydroxy- poly(oxyethylene), 313
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, 313 Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol polyethylene
glycol ether, 313
Tetrahydroxybutane, 266
(+)-(2R,4'R,8'R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-
(4,'8',12'-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanol,
33
(+)-(2R,4'R,8'R)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-
(4,'8',12'-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanyl
acetate, 33
( )-(2RS,4' RS,8' RS)-2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-
(4' ,8' ,12' -trimethyltridecyl)-6-
chromanol, 32
( )-(2RS, 4'RS, 8'RS)- 2,5,7,8-Tetramethyl-2-
(4,' 8', 12'-trimethyltridecyl)-6-chromanyl
acetate, 33
Tetrasodium edetate, 262
Tetrasodium ethylenebis(iminodiacetate), 262
Tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 262
Texapon K12P, 687
Texofor A, 564
Texofor A10, 564
TGS, 742
Thalin, 775
Thaumatin, 775
Thaumatine, 775
Thaumatins, 775
Thaumatins protein, 775
Theobroma oil, 765, 807 Therapeutic agents
albumin, 16
alginic acid, 21
almond oil, 30–31
alpha tocopherol, 32
aluminum hydroxide, 426
ammonia solution, 44 anionic emulsifying wax, 807 ascorbic acid, 48
aspartame, 53
attapulgite, 56
bentonite, 58
benzethonium chloride, 65
benzoic acid, 66
benzyl alcohol, 69
benzyl benzoate, 72
butylated hydroxytoluene, 81
calcium carbonate, 89
calcium sulfate, 105
cellulose acetate, 142
cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP), 145 chlorbutanol, 168
chloroxylenol, 180
citric acid monohydrate, 185 cottonseed oil, 206
dextrin, 228
�
dextrose, 231
dibasic sodium phosphate, 693 diluted hydrochloric acid, 329 dimethicone, 244
dimethyl sulfoxide, 250–251
docusate sodium, 257–258
edetic acid, 260
fumaric acid, 293
gelatin, 295
glycerin, 301
guar gum, 315
hexetidine, 323
hydrochloric acid, 328
isopropyl alcohol, 371
isopropyl myristate, 374
kaolin, 378
lactic acid, 381
lactitol, 383
lecithin, 409
light mineral oil, 474 magnesium carbonate, 422
magnesium oxide, 426
magnesium silicate, 429
magnesium trisilicate, 434
malic acid, 436
maltodextrin, 442
maltol, 446
mannitol, 449
medium-chain triglycerides, 454
menthol, 459
methylcellulose, 462
mineral oil, 471–472, 474 monobasic sodium phosphate, 696 monoethanolamine, 478
monothioglycerol, 482
nitrous oxide, 490
olive oil, 498
peanut oil, 505
petrolatum, 509
phenol, 514
phosphoric acid, 530
poloxamers, 535
potassium benzoate, 596
potassium bicarbonate, 598
potassium chloride, 600
potassium citrate, 603–604
potassium hydroxide, 605
propylene glycol, 625
simethicone, 652
sodium alginate, 656
sodium ascorbate, 659
sodium bicarbonate, 665 sodium citrate dihydrate, 675 sodium propionate, 699–700
sorbitol, 718
soybean oil, 722
starch, 726
sucrose, 744
sulfuric acid, 758
sunflower oil, 760
thymol, 780
titanium oxide, 782
triethanolamine, 794
trisodium edetate, 262
vanillin, 798
xylitol, 824
Thermal stabilizers, colloidal silicon dioxide, 188
Thiamin (vitamin B1), 608 Thickening agents
agar, 14
ammonium alginate, 46
calcium alginate, 86
916 Index
Thickening agents (cont.) colloidal silicon dioxide, 188 dextrin, 228
ethylcellulose, 278
ethylene glycol palmitostearate, 283 hydroxyethyl cellulose, 330
hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose, 334
hydroxypropyl cellulose, 336
hydroxypropyl starch, 344
hypromellose, 346
methylcellulose, 462
octyldodecanol, 492
pectin, 507
polycarbophil, 539
polyethylene glycol, 545
polyethylene oxide, 551
potassium alginate, 594
trehalose, 788
xanthan gum, 821
zinc stearate, 832
see also Gelling agents; Stiffening agents; Viscosity-increasing agents
Thimerosal, 61, 261, 522, 525, 528, 777
Thimerosal Sigmaultra, 777 Thin vegetable oil, 454 Thioglycerin, 482
1-Thioglycerol, 482
Thiomersal, 777
Thiomersalate, 777
Thiomersalum, 777
Thiothixene, 798
Thyme camphor, 780
Thymic acid, 780
Thymol, 780
and menthol, 460
m-Thymol, 780
Thymolum, 780
TIC Pretested, 627
Timol, 780
Timolol, 250, 609
Tioxide, 782
TiPure, 782
Titanic anhydride, 782
Titanii dioxidum, 782
Titanium dioxide, 193, 196, 199, 357, 782
anatase, 782
Titanium oxide, 782
TM-b-CD, 220
Tocopherol, 32–34
(2R,4'R ,8'R)-alpha-Tocopherol, 32
alpha Tocopherol, 32–34, 51 and ascorbyl palmitate, 32 and lecithin, 32
and linoleic acid, 32
and methyl linolenate, 32 natural, 33
synthetic, 32
alpha-Tocopherolum, 32
d-alpha Tocopherol, 32–33
d-alpha Tocopheryl acetate, 33
d-alpha Tocopheryl acid succinate, 33– 34
dl-alpha Tocopherol, 32
dl-alpha Tocopheryl acetate, 33
dl-alpha Tocopheryl acid succinate, 33– 34
beta Tocopherol, 33–34 and canola oil, 109 delta Tocopherol, 33–34
d-a-Tocopherol, 32–34
dl-a-Tocopherol, 32–34
( )-a-Tocopherol acetate, 33
(+)-a-Tocopherol hydrogen succinate, 34
�dl-a-Tocopherol succinate, 34
a-Tocopheroli acetas, 33
Tocopherols excipient, 33–34
a-Tocopherolum, 32
d-a-Tocopheryl acetate, 33
dl-a-Tocopheryl acetate, 33
d-a-Tocopheryl acid succinate, 34 dl-a-Tocopheryl acid succinate, 34 Tolbutamide, 421
a-Toluenol, 69 Tonicity agents
dextrose, 231
glycerin, 301
mannitol, 449
potassium chloride, 600
sodium chloride, 671
Topanol, 81
Trag, 785
Tragacanth, 2, 148–149, 316, 785
and acacia, 1
and guar gum, 316
methylparabens incompatibility, 468
powdered, 786
Tragacantha, 785
Tragacantha gum, 785
Tragant, 785
Transdermal delivery agents acetyltributyl citrate, 10
dimethyl sulfoxide, 250 ethylene vinyl acetate, 285 glyceryl monooleate, 306
isopropyl myristate, 374
isopropyl palmitate, 376 light mineral oil, 474 polymethacrylates, 554
polyvinyl alcohol, 592
sesame oil, 646
sodium carboxymethyl guar, 316 stearyl alcohol, 740
see also Penetration enhancers Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy
(TSE), 297
Trehalose, 788–789
Trehalose dihydrate, 788
Triacetin, 790
Triacetyl glycerine, 790
Tribasic calcium phosphate, 100 Tribasic sodium phosphate, 694 Tribehenin, 304
Tributyl acetylcitrate, 10
Tributyl citrate, 11, 13, 792, 796–797
Tri-n-butyl citrate, 792 Tributyl citrate acetate, 10 Tributyl ester, 10, 792 Tributyl 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-
propanetricarboxylate, 792
Tributyl O-acetylcitrate, 10
Tributylis acetylcitras, 10
Tri-Cafos, 100
TRI-CAL WG, 100
Tricalcii phosphate, 100
Tricalcium diorthophosphate, 100
Tricalcium orthophosphate, 100
Tricalcium phosphate, 100
1,1,1-Trichloro-2-methyl-2-propanol, 168
Trichlorofluoromethane, 176
1',4 ,'6 '-Trichlorogalactosucrose, 742
Trichloromonofluoromethane, 176
Montreal Protocol, 178
4,1',6'-Trichloro-4,1,'6'-trideoxy-galacto-
sucrose, 742
Trichloro-tert-butanol, 168
b,b,b-Trichloro-tert-butyl alcohol, 168
�Tricresol, 208
1-Tridecanecarboxylic acid, 484
Triethanolamine, 239, 479, 794
Triethyl acetylcitrate, 12
Triethyl citrate, 11, 13, 793, 796 Triethyl citrate acetate, 12 Triethyl O-acetylcitrate, 12
Triethylis citras, 796
Triethylolamine, 794 Triglycerida saturata media, 454 Triglyceride, caprylic/capric, 454
Triglycerides, medium-chain, 454, 765, 801 3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid propyl ester,
619
Trihydroxyborene, 74
9,10,16-Trihydroxypalmitic acid, 650 8,9,15-Trihydroxypentadecane-1-carboxylic
acid, 650
Trihydroxypropane glycerol, 301
Trihydroxytriethylamine, 794
Triiron tetraoxide, 364
N,N,N-Trimethyl-1-tetradecanaminium bromide, 153
Trimethyl-b-cyclodextrin, 219–220, 756
N,N,N-Trimethyldodecylammonium bromide, 153
N,N,N-Trimethylhexadecylammonium bromide, 153
a-(trimethylsilyl)-o- Methylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)], 244
Trimethyltetradecylammonium bromide, 152–153
5,7,8-Trimethyltocol, 32
a-(Trimethysilyl-o- methylpoly[oxy(dimethylsilylene)] mixture with silicon dioxide, 652
Tri-n-butyl citrate, 792
Tripotassium citrate monohydrate, 603
TriseptB, 83
Tris(hydroxyethyl)amine, 794 Trisodium 2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-
tricarboxylate dihydrate, 675
Trisodium citrate, 675
anhydrous, 677
Trisodium edetate, 261–262
Trisodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, 262 Trisodium 2-hydroxy-1,2,3-
propanetricarboxylic acid, 677
Trisodium orthophosphate, 695
Trisodium phosphate, 695
Tri-Stat IU, 359
Tri-Sweet, 53
TRI-TAB, 100
Tritici amylum, 725
Trolamine, 794
Trolaminum, 794
Tronox, 782
TSE see Transmissable Spongiform Encephalopathy
TSP, 695
T-Wax, 815
Tylopur, 346
Tylopur MH, 334
Tylopur MHB, 334
Tylose CB, 120
Tylose MB, 334
Tylose MH, 334
Tylose MHB, 334
Tylose PHA, 330
U-1149, 293
Ultramarine blue
and butylparaben, 84
Index 917
and ethylparaben, 289
and propylparaben, 631
Ultrez, 111
1-Undecanecarboxylic acid, 406
Unimate GMS, 308
Unimate IPP, 376
Unimoll DB, 234
Unimoll DM, 248
Uniphen P-23, 83, 466, 629
Unipure LD, 731
Unipure WG220, 731
Unisept, 166
Unisept B, 83
Urethane hydrogels, 546
USAF EK-P-583, 293
USG Terra Alba, 105
Vaccine adjuvants
aluminum hydroxide adjuvant, 36 aluminum phosphate adjuvant, 40
VA/ethylene copolymer, 285
Vanillal, 276
Vanillic aldehyde, 798
Vanillin, 276–277, 798
Vanillinum, 798
Vanzan NF, 821
Vaselinum album, 510
Vaselinum flavum, 509
Veegum, 418
Veegum HS, 58
Vegetable glycerides, hydrogenated, 762 Vegetable lecithin, 409
Vegetable oil
hydrogenated, 456, 800
type I, 131, 207, 800
type II, 801
thin, 454
Veltol, 445
Veltol Plus, 272
Versene, 262
Versene Acid, 260
Versene CA, 262
Versene-9, 262
Vestimol C, 234
Vianol, 81
Vinegar, artificial, 7
Vinegar acid, 6
Vinegar, artificial, 7
Vinegar naphtha, 268
Vinyl acetate, copolymer with 1-vinyl-2- pyrrolidinone, 201
Vinyl acetate/ethylene copolymer, 285 Vinyl alcohol polymer, 592
1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone
copolymer with vinyl acetate, 201 homopolymer, 214
1-Vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone polymer, 611 Virgin almond oil, 30
Virgin castor oil, 128 Virgin olive oil, 499
Viricides see Antiviral agents
Viscarin, 124
Viscosity-increasing agents acacia, 1
agar, 14
alginic acid, 21
bentonite, 58
carbomers, 111
carboxymethylcellulose calcium, 118
carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 120
carrageenan, 124
ceratonia, 148
cetostearyl alcohol, 150
�
chitosan, 159
colloidal silicon dioxide, 188 cyclomethicone, 222
ethylcellulose, 278
gelatin, 295
glycerin, 301
glyceryl behenate, 304
guar gum, 315
hectorite, 318
hydrogenated vegetable oil type I, 800 hydroxyethyl cellulose, 330
hydroxyethylmethyl cellulose, 334
hydroxypropyl cellulose, 336
hydroxypropyl starch, 344
hypromellose, 346
magnesium aluminum silicate, 418 maltodextrin, 442
methylcellulose, 462
polydextrose, 542
polyethylene glycol, 545 poly(methylvinyl ether/maleic
anhydride), 561
polyvinyl acetate phthalate, 589 polyvinyl alcohol, 592
potassium chloride, 600
povidone, 611
propylene glycol alginate, 627 saponite, 644
sodium alginate, 656–657
sodium chloride, 671
stearyl alcohol, 740
sucrose, 744
sulfobutylether b-cyclodextrin, 754
tragacanth, 785
xanthan gum, 148, 821–822
see also Gelling agents; Stiffening agents; Thickening agents
Vitamins
solubilizing agents
polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives, 573
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, 581
vitamin A palmitate, 573 vitamin A propionate, 573 vitamin B1 (thiamin), 608 vitamin C, 48, 478 vitamin C palmitate, 51 vitamin C sodium, 659 vitamin D, 573
vitamin E, 32–34 vitamin E acetate, 573 vitamin F, 414
vitamin K1, 573
Vivapress Ca, 89
Vivapress Ca 740, 92
Vivapress Ca 800, 92
Vivapur, 132
Vivasol, 211
Vivastar P, 701
Voelicherite, 101
Volpo, 564
Vulvic acid, 406
Wacker HDK, 188
Waglinol 3/9280, 454
Waglinol 6014, 374
Waglinol 6016, 376
Warfarin, 379
Warfarin sodium, 421
Water, 802
for injection, 805 Water for injection, 805
�
Water softeners, edetic acid, 260 Water-absorbing agents
carboxymethylcellulose calcium, 118
carboxymethylcellulose sodium, 120 Water-repelling agents
dimethicone, 244
simethicone, 652
Water-soluble lanolin, 400 Wax
anionic emulsifying, 689, 807
see also Emulsifying wax, anionic) bleached, 817
carnauba, 809
cetyl esters, 811
hard, 503
alternatives to, 800
microcrystalline, 504, 813
nonionic emulsifying, 815
refined, 819
white, 817
yellow, 817–819
Wecobee, 762
Wecoline 1295, 406
Weisserton, 378 Wetting agents
benzalkonium chloride, 61
benzethonium chloride, 64
cetylpyridinium chloride, 157
docusate sodium, 257
hypromellose, 346
poloxamer, 535
polyethylene alkyl ethers, 565 polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers, 565 polyoxyethylene castor oil derivatives,
573
polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, 581
polyoxyethylene stearates, 586 sodium lauryl sulfate, 687 sorbitan esters, 714
see also Solubilizing agents; Surfactants
Wheat starch, 725
White beeswax, 817
White bole, 378
White dextrin, 228 White mineral oil, 471
White petrolatum, 510, 513 White petroleum jelly, 510 White shellac, 649
White soft paraffin, 510
and anionic emulsifying wax, 807 and lanolin alcohols, 512
White wax, 817, 820
Whitfield’s ointment, 66
Whitlockite, 101
Wickenol 111, 376
Wilkinite, 58
Witcarb, 89
Witcizer 300, 234
Witepsol, 762
Wood ether, 246
Wool alcohols, 402
Wool alcohols ointment, 512 Wool fat, 399
hydrogenated, 400
hydrous, 404
refined, 399
Wool wax alcohols, 402
Xanthan gum, 148–149, 316, 418, 821
Xanthani gummi, 821
Xantural, 821
918 Index
Xilitol, 824
Xylifin, 824
Xylisorb, 824
Xylit, 824
Xylitab, 824
Xylitab 100, 827
Xylitab 200, 827
Xylitab 300, 827
Xylite, 824
Xylitol, 267, 451, 720, 824
cooling effect, 827 sweetness vs. mannitol, 827 sweetness vs. sucrose, 827
Xylitolo, 824
Xylitolum, 824
xylo-Pentane-1,2,3,4,5-pentol, 824
Xylotocopherol, 34
Xylotocopherol, 34
�Yellow beeswax, 819
Yellow dextrin, 228 Yellow ferric oxide, 364 Yellow iron oxide, 364
and butylparaben, 84
and ethylparaben, 289
and propylparaben, 631
Yellow ochre, 364 Yellow orange S, 198
Yellow petrolatum, 509, 513 Yellow petroleum jelly, 509 Yellow soft paraffin, 509
and lanolin alcohols, 512 Yellow wax, 817–819
Yeso Blanco, 106
(Z)-9-Octadecen-1-ol, 496
(Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid, 494
methyl ester, 275
�Zein, 828
Zephex 134a, 772
Zephex 227 EA, 321
Zephiran, 61
Zinc acetas dihydricus, 830 Zinc acetate, 830
Zinc acetate anhydrous, 830 Zinc acetate dihydrate, 830 Zinc diacetate, 830
Zinc distearate, 832
Zinc ethanoate, 830 Zinc (II) acetate, 830 Zinc oxide, 302, 760
Zinc propionate, 700
Zinc soap, 832
Zinc stearate, 103, 431, 739, 832
Zinci stearas, 832
(Z,Z)-9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 414
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