ABSTRACT

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is a common cardiovascular condition that progressively results in heart failure. In the present study, we have designed to load transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) and cardio potential exosomes into the blended polycaprolactone/type I collagen (PCL/COL-1) nanofibrous patch (Exo@TGF-β3@NFs) and examined its feasibility for cardiac repair. The bioactivity of the developed NFs towards the migration and proliferation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells was determined using in vitro cell compatibility assays. Additionally, Exo@TGF-β3/NFs showed up-regulation of genes involved in angiogenesis and mesenchymal differentiations in vitro. The in vivo experiments performed 4 weeks after transplantation showed that the Exo@TGF-β3@NFs had a higher LV ejection fraction and fraction shortening functions. Subsequently, it has been determined that Exo@TGF-β3@NFs significantly reduced AMI size and fibrosis and increased scar thickness. The developed NFs approach will become a useful therapeutic approach for the treatment of AMI.

PMID:37788793 | DOI:10.1016/j.nano.2023.102708

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Cancer survivorship at heart: a multidisciplinary cardio-oncology roadmap for healthcare professionals

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Sep 15;10:1223660. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223660. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

In cancer, a patient is considered a survivor from the time of initial diagnosis until the end of life. With improvements in early diagnosis and treatment, the number of cancer survivors (CS) has grown considerably and includes: (1) Patients cured and free from cancer who may be at risk of late-onset cancer therapy-related cardiovascular toxicity (CTR-CVT); (2) Patients with long-term control of not-curable cancers in whom CTR-CVT may need to be addressed. This paper highlights the importance of the cancer care continuum, of a patient-centered approach and of a prevention-oriented policy. The ultimate goal is a personalized care of CS, achievable only through a multidisciplinary-guided survivorship care plan, one that replaces the fragmented management of current healthcare systems. Collaboration between oncologists and cardiologists is the pillar of a framework in which primary care providers and other specialists must be engaged and in which familial, social and environmental factors are also taken into account.

PMID:37786510 | PMC:PMC10541962 | DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1223660

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Premature senescence and cardiovascular disease following cancer treatments: mechanistic insights

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 Sep 14;10:1212174. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174. eCollection 2023.

ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, especially among the aging population. The "response-to-injury" model proposed by Dr. Russell Ross in 1999 emphasizes inflammation as a critical factor in atherosclerosis development, with atherosclerotic plaques forming due to endothelial cell (EC) injury, followed by myeloid cell adhesion and invasion into the blood vessel walls. Recent evidence indicates that cancer and its treatments can lead to long-term complications, including CVD. Cellular senescence, a hallmark of aging, is implicated in CVD pathogenesis, particularly in cancer survivors. However, the precise mechanisms linking premature senescence to CVD in cancer survivors remain poorly understood. This article aims to provide mechanistic insights into this association and propose future directions to better comprehend this complex interplay.

PMID:37781317 | PMC:PMC10540075 | DOI:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1212174

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Approaches for reducing chemo/radiation-induced cardiotoxicity by nanoparticles

Environ Res. 2023 Sep 28:117264. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117264. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Nanoparticles are fascinating and encouraging carriers for cancer treatment due to their extraordinary properties and potential applications in targeted drug delivery, treatment, and diagnosis. Experimental studies including in vitro and in vivo examinations show that nanoparticles can cause a revolution in different aspects of cancer therapy. Normal tissue toxicity and early and late consequences are the major limitations of cancer therapy by radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, the delivery of drugs into tumors or reducing the accumulation of drugs in normal tissues can permit a more satisfactory response of malignancies to therapy with more inferior side effects. Cardiac toxicity is one of the major problems for chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Therefore, several experimental studies have been performed to minimize the degenerative impacts of cancer treatment on the heart and also enhance the influences of radiotherapy and chemotherapy agents in cancers. This review article emphasizes the benefits of nanoparticle-based drug delivery techniques, including minimizing the exposure of the heart to anticancer drugs, enhancing the accumulation of drugs in cancers, and expanding the effectiveness of radiotherapy. The article also discusses the challenges and problems accompanied with nanoparticle-based drug delivery techniques such as toxicity, which need to be addressed through further research. Moreover, the article emphasizes the importance of developing safe and effective nanoparticle-based therapies that can be translated into clinical practice.

PMID:37776941 | DOI:10.1016/j.envres.2023.117264

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Reverse cardio-oncology: A budding concept

Indian Heart J. 2023 Sep 27:S0019-4832(23)00163-3. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2023.09.004. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Having established the significance of cardiovascular side-effects of anti-neoplastic drugs, present day cardio-oncology has forayed into newer territories buoyed by research into the multiple connections that exist between cardiovascular disease and cancer. An emerging concept of reverse cardio-oncology focuses on the heightened risk of cancer in patients with cardiovascular disease. Common mechanistics of cancer and heart failure (HF) like chronic inflammation and clonal haematopoesis as well as common predisposing factors like obesity and diabetes underline the relation between both cardiovascular disease and various cancers.This review discusses the potential magnitude of the problem, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms and classification of this novel subject.

PMID:37774949 | DOI:10.1016/j.ihj.2023.09.004

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Utilizing coordination chemistry through formation of a CuII-quinalizarin complex to manipulate cell biology: An in vitro, in silico approach

J Inorg Biochem. 2023 Sep 21;249:112369. doi: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112369. Online ahead of print.

ABSTRACT

Quinalizarin, an analogue of anthracycline anticancer agents, is an anticancer agent itself. A CuII complex was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, UV-Vis & IR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, EPR and DFT. The intention behind the preparation of the complex was to increase cellular uptake, compare its binding with DNA against that of quinalizarin, modulation of semiquinone formation, realization of human DNA topoisomerase I & human DNA topoisomerase II inhibition and observation of anticancer activity. While the first two attributes of complex formation lead to increased efficacy, decrease in semiquinone generation could results in a compromise with efficacy. Inhibition of human DNA topoisomerase makes up this envisaged compromise in free radical activity since the complex shows remarkable ability to disrupt activities of human DNA topoisomerase I and II. The complex unlike quinalizarin, does not catalyze flow of electrons from NADH to O2 to the extent known for quinalizarin. Hence, decrease in semiquinone or superoxide radical anion could make modified quinalizarin [as CuII complex] less efficient in free radical pathway. However, it would be less cardiotoxic and that would be advantageous to qualify it as a better anticancer agent. Although binding to calf thymus DNA was comparable to quinalizarin, it was weaker than anthracyclines. Low cost of quinalizarin could justify consideration as a substitute for anthracyclines but the study revealed IC50 of quinalizarin/CuII-quinalizarin was much higher than anthracyclines or their complexes. Even then, there is a possibility that CuII-quinalizarin could be an improved and less costly form of quinalizarin as anticancer agent.

PMID:37776829 | DOI:10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2023.112369

11:06

PubMed articles on: Cardio-Oncology

Early Echocardiography and ECG Changes Following Radiotherapy in Patients with Stage II-III HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Treated with Anthracycline-Based Chemotherapy with or without Trastuzumab-Based Therapy

Med Sci Monit. 2023 Sep 20;29:e941754. doi: 10.12659/MSM.941754.