"If the bag and teats are

full before calving, the milk should be drawn out, and when great milkers are

on pasture, it is a good plan to take them up two weeks before calving, and put

them on dry food so as to check the flow of milk, for, when a cow is fed on

dry hay only, before calving (the calf is ready for the milk as soon as it is ready),

there is no danger of inflammation or fever."

Remarks. Having become fully satisfied of the necessity of giving fresh,

cold water to persons in fevers, as shown by the remarks following Typhoid

Fever, and reasoning from analogy (the likeness or agreement between things,

although the circumstances may be quite different), I see, at a glance, that the

cool water to satisfy the cows, this within a reasonable short time, a (pailful

every half hour, as Mr. Putnam has found, as above given), is the true way to

prevent a cow from having milk fever, at all; fgr no person, animal, or thing

can long continue hot (and all fever is heat) if filled or covered with cold

water. Nothing further need be said in favor of Mr. Putnam's plan. It will

be safe to follow it.

MILK, TO INCREASE THE FLOW IN DAIRY COWS. AND

THE BEST FOOD TO INSURE IT.

—

The agricultural editor of the Bee-Keepers

1. Milk to Increase.

Journal vouches for the following, handed him by one who had tried the plan

to increase the flow of milk, and I have seen the same thing given in various

other sources, and from the nature of the mixture I have every reason to

believe it good.

He says:

" If you desire to get a large yield of milk, give your cow, three times a

day, water, slightly warm, slightly salted, in which bran has been stirred at the

You will find that your cow will gain 25 per

rate of 1 qt. to 2 gals, of water.

cent, immediately under the effects of it, and she will become so attached to

the drink as to refuse clear water, unless very tliirsty but this mess she will

drink almost at any time, and ask for more. The amount of this drink is an

ordinary water pailful at each time morning, noon and night. Your animal

will then do her best at discounting the lacteal {lac, the Latin work for milk,

hence "lacteal," milky) fluid.

;

—

2. The Best Food for Increasing the Flow of Milk.— In the

Eastern States, as before stated, milch cows are fed largely on corn meal, but I

have the statement of a well-informed dairyman, that equal parts by measure,

makes the best and

most profitable feed for increasing the flow of milk, being much less heating

than corn meal alone, and still very nourishing and satisfactory to the animal

as well as to the dairyman by saving considerable expense, while at the same

time he gets his increased now of milk, and the cow is not too fat for comfort and

health, as they often become on corn meal alone.

There are those, also, who

claim that milch cows will be greatly benefited by mixing their feed with warm

or hot water, if this can be done without too much trouble, at each milking.

It is well-known that to give a family cow a warm mess in the mornings

of corn meal, ground oats and wheat bran, well mixed,

DR. CHASE'S RECIPES.

693

increases the flow of milk perceptably.

Why should it not, then, do the same

with any number of dairy cows? Cut the hay and pour hot water over it, and

mix it so it is all wetted, then add the meal, or the mixed ^feed, referred to

above, mixing thoroughly and feeding while warm. In a dairy of 20 cows th&

extra milk will more than half pay for the extra labor. (For the value of meal

daily, to a cow giving milk, see next receipt.)

Meal, the Value of, for Dairy Cows.— The editor of the Farmer and

Mirror gives the following item, coming, he says, from one of the best dairy»

men in Vermont. He says:

" I have come to the conclusion, after seven years' experience in the feedingof meal every day to such of my cows as were giving milk, that in the future I

would feed more meal instead of less. I believe that when the cows have been

properly selected, and are of a breed that is reliable as to butter qualities, it

amounts to a certainty that all we feed them above what is required to sustain

their bodies, will be returned to us in butter with a large profit on the investment. At the same time care should be taken not to overfeed. Gilt-edged

butter cannot be made from cows thin in flesh or poorly fed."

Remarks. This idea of feeding meal is correct, but the mixed feed in the

receipt above is the most profitable.

To judge about the " breed that is reliable," as this writer puts it, see Jersey Cows, or the Best Cow for Small Farms,

for I think it is now generally conceded that the Jerseys, also called -Alderneys,

are the best, although the Durhams are good as you will see under that head.

—

—

To " Dry oflf " Cows and other Animals. I. As we have given the

plan above, for increasing the flow of milk, it may not be amiss to also give a.

good plan here for drying-off, which is occasionally important, and as it is just

as applicable to mares, when weaning the colt; and witli slight modification,

also valuable for caked-breasts, it is worthy of a place in this connection.

It is

as follows: Tar and good vinegar, earh }4, pt.; spirits of turpentine, 6 ozs.;

beeswax and camphor gum, 2

—

Directions Boil all

camphor gum, the latter of

which should be broken up very fine or pulverized by the druggist, by dropping

upon it a few drops of alcohol, then these added when removed from the fire,

and stirred imtil cold.

The cow or the mare is to be milked dry night and morning, and the ointment rubbed into the udder and along the milk-veins for 3 or 4 days, or until

ozs.; tallow,

4

ozs.

together for 15 minutes, except the turpentine and

the milk ceases to flow.

For Caked-Breasts make it without the tar and rub it in well as long as

needed to remove the soreness, then cease unless you desire to dry up the milk

as the camphor has a great tendency to do.

—

Remarks. The camphor was not in the recipe as the author obtained it;

but knowing its value upon the female breast, I have added it to the recipe,

knowing it will prove so much the more reliable.

The only objection to the

tar upon the breast is, it stains the clothing, and is also more sticky.

II.

Another writer says a cow may be dried oflf in a short time by not

milking her quite out, leaving some in the udder each milking, and by feeding

4 qts. of dry corn meal in the course of the day, which, if she is to be fatted^

•will help to lay on fat, and gradually dry her oflf.

This is no doubt the fact.

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

if toward the close of her milking season.

Still

693

I can see no objection to the

dry meal, even if the ointment is used.

Ointment for Swelled Bags, or Udders of Cows.— Sweet oil, 4

ozs.; pulverized

camphor gum, 1 oz. Dissolve over a slow fire, and rub in

The author thinks the ointment for drying off cows,

well 2 or 3 times daily.

above, fully equal, if not even better, than this camphorated-oil, although only

swelling is to be remedied here, which generally arrives from colds.

—

Choked Cattle, Sure Remedy. J. B. J. in Country Gentleman speaking of choked cattle, says: "The following recipe ought to be printed twice

every year, as it is a sure remedy: Take of fine-cut chewing tobacco enough to

make a ball the size of a hen's egg, dampen it with molasses so it adheres

closely; elevate the animal's head, pull out the tongue and crowd the ball as far

down the throat as possible.

In 15 minutes it will cause sickness and vomiting,

relaxing the muscles, so that the potatoe or whatever may be choking it will be

thrown up."

—

Remarks. It is an almost absolute certainty that the tobacco will cause the

relaxing of the muscles and consequent throwing up of the contents of the

stomach, and a cure is just as certain as a relaxation. The- laying of moist-

ened tobacco upon a person's stomach with lock-jaw, has relaxed them, and

saved the patient. It must not be kept on so long, however, as to cause deathly

sickness.

To Ciire Foul Flesh, or Sores Upon Stock.— C. Becker, of BloomN. Y., writes one of the Rural's: " I have been in the habit for 35

years of using oil of vitriol (sulphuric acid) and water in all cases of bad flesh,

and never knew failure. Put 1 teaspoonful of the vitriol in J^ teacupful

of water, cleanse out the sore with a soft rope, or otherwise make a swab by

ville,

tying a piece of cloth on the end of a stick, saturate the alHicted part well with

the wash and I never knew it to fail by two washings."

Remarks.

— It would, most undoubtedly, prove as valuable for foot-rot in

sheep, as for foul sores.

To Cure Fleshy Tumors Upon Cows or Calves.—Bin-iodide of

mercury, 1 dr. cosmoline, or vaseline, 2 ozs. thoroughly mixed and well rubbed upon the tumors." Dr. Home in Michigan Farmer.

Remarks. For directions how to continue it [see Spavin to Cure Lameness].

;

;

—

It is from the same veterinarian, but he prefers the bin-iodide here, to the iodide

as used on spavins.

est

Hoven or Bloat in Stock—Prevention and Cure.— O. J. L. of IModTown (a very appropriate name for a place where the men are so modest

they dare not give their name when reporting for an agricultural paper on the

Va., made a report of tlie death of a cow and calf to one of the

the farm papers, I tliink the Farm aiid Fireside, to which the veterinary surgeon

fl,bove disease),

A. T. Wilson, made the following sensible answer: " Your cow and calf both

died from hoven or bloat, a very common result of injudiciously turning cattle

into a rich clover patch.

To prevent bloat, turn them in for an hour or so

To cure bloat, when seen in

every day for a week until they get used to it.

"

DR. CHASE'S RECIPES.

694

time, use S ounces each of hyposulphite of soda and tincture of ginger added

to a quart of cold water.

But in extreme cases, make an opening with a pocket

knife, in lieu of a trochar, in the most prominent swelling or point on the left

flank, and insert

any small tube

— a funnel. A quill or pencil case might

answer.

—

Remarks. Saleratus used to be given to try to prevent the contiaued accumulation of gas in these cases, but of late J^ cup of freshly powdered charcoal

in a drench of water, is considered better treatment, as it aids the future digestion, as well as the present difficulty. This may be repeated morning and evening for a day or two, if the animal continues to show any signs of indigestion.

But the hyposulphite of soda and tincture of ginger, if on hand, is reliable;

even baking soda, double the quantity, will do well, with the tincture of ginger,

or even without, if none is by you; but there is not much time to wait.

quickly what is to be done.

Do

—

1. Hollow Horn, to Cure. Alcohol, % pt.; camphor gum, 1 oz.

Directions— When the gum is dissolved, put half of it into one ear of the ani-

mal, and as soon as it has done snorting and blowing, put the other half into

the other ear.

Once cures every time.

—

Remarks. This is from a Mr. Bradly, living 2 miles below Ann Arbor,

Mich. He said a druggist told him, at first, it would kill the cow. " It did

not," he continued, " but cured her," and he said he had tried it several times

with like success.

2.

Old Treatment of Hollow Horn. — The old treatment was to

bore into the horn with a gimlet and inject vinegar, pepper, salt and water; and

was injected into the horn, a couple of pieces of fat, salt pork, the

two forefingers, with a tea-spoonful of cayenne put in a slit in

each slice, was placed between the animal's grinders, and the head elevated

until it chewed and swallowed them; and next day repeat without the pepper

if dumpishness is still manifested.

This would be good, too, for any animal

which is, as they say, "off its feed," or dull and heavy in appearance ick, in

other words. Let one piece be chewed and swallowed before the other is introafter this

size of one's

—

duced.

Scotirs and Diarrhoea in Cattle, Colts, etc., to Cure.—For scours

Give first 1 qt. of lard oil, with laudanum,

2 ozs. After 3 to 4 hours, give powdered gum catechu, ginger, and gentian

root, each, 2 ozs., in flaxseed tea, 1 pt., to any animal over 2 years old; half this

to those under 2 years, and over 9 months, and one-fourth to one-third the

amount to younger stock; repeating the dose twice daily, and withholding it as

soon as the discharges diminish. Give nourishing food, and flaxseed tea to

drink.

In chronic (long standing) diarrhcea, give, morning and evening, 1 dr. of

ammoniated sulphate of copper, dissolved in cold water,

Western Rural.

pt.

Remarks. While spending a couple of months at Eaton Rapids, Mich., I

became acquainted with a gentleman there, Mr. A. Button, quite a family

doctor," by the way, who told me he once expected to lose a colt with the

acours, as the veterinarians failed to cure it; but some one told him to dissolve

in cattle, change the food and water.

—

%

—

'

'

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

695

a piece of alum the size of a hen's egg in a bucket of water, which would cure

it.

He tried it, and it did cure it.

as colts?

Why should it not again, and cattle as well

I would try it, if tlie above ever failed,

Diarrhcsa of Cattle, Remedy.

or one of the following:

—Another writer says: "Three pecks

of boiled potatoes, fed in the day, in 3 messes, warm, is an excellent remedy for

diarrhoea in cattle."

—

Scours in Cattle, Remedy. Mr. James Door, of Dorchester, Mass.,

recommends fine wheat flour as a cure for scours in cattle. He says, " Take

1 qt. of the finest flour, mix smoothly with water, making it just thick enough

to ran, and administer at one dose.

is generally suflBcient

A second dose may be uecessary, but one

for a cure."

—

Remarks. The author knows a rather thick milk porridge, given warm, is

good for " looseness " of persons. Why not good for cattle? I should prefer

it warm to cold, as this gentleman uses it, as I understand him.

It may be good

enough cold, but warmth will not make it less valuable, I am sure.

—A

dairyman who has

I . Kicking Cows, to Make Stand Quiet.

been troubled with the kicking of young cows, and who has found a plan to

prevent it while milking, makes it public through the New York Tribune, and

He says

much better for myself

seeing at a glance that it must be a success I give it a place.

,

" If cows kick, tie their legs together,

I find

it

and for the discipline of the cows to let the rope hold them than it is to try to

hold them myself. They soon learn that the rope can hold them; they also soon

learn that man cannot hold them without a rope.

The rope I use is 6 or 7 feet

long, and has a loop on one end.

I ]5ut it around the right leg above the gambrel, through the loop, and draw it tight enough to keep it from dropping down,

then behind the left leg and take a turn once around it (like a figure 8), then

around both legs, then between the legs, around the rope that crosses in front and

back of the legs, in such a way as to draw them as near togetlier as desirable,

then make fast. It is not necessary to draw the rope tight enough to hurt the

cow if she stands still. It matters not how hard or how long she tries to get

away from the rope; it will stay there and it will liold her legs very near to each

other so she cannot kick, and however hard she may pull on the rope, the part

that is on the inside of one leg being on with a slip-noose, that on the other with

a round turn, as soon as slie stops struggling and the rope is slack they do not

stop the circulation of tlie blood.

I am particular in telling how I put the rope

on when I need to tie a kicking cow, because it is the only way I have ever seen

that will hold every time and not get tight enough to stop the circulation."

Another dairyman takes the following plan to prevent cows from kickII.

ing when being milked. He says: "Beforesittingdown tomilk Iput a 'snap'

attached to the end of a small rope into her nose and

tie the

rope to a pin put

nose, and she

into the scaffold girt over the manger, slightly elevating her

stands as quietly while she is milked as the most gentle cow in the stable."

American Cultivator.

Bemarks.—l have not a doubt but what either of these plans will secure the

cow against kicking they have something else to think of. On the same principle that the cord in the mouth of a vicious horse carried up over the head and

—

enclosing an ear tightly enables the blacksmith to shoe

which see.

him without trouble,

I>R-

696

CHASE'S RECIPES.

—

Lice, To Kill, on Cows, Calves, Dogs and Poultry. The New

York Times informs its readers that "any oily or greasy substance kills them

on any of the animals named; that sulphur is also fatal to them; that Persian

Lininsect powder, which is kept by all druggists, is the best of all remedies.

seed oil and sulphur, well mixed, is an efEective remedy when it is thoroughly

But it is useless to kill the lice all over the back of an animal and

applied.

leave a colony alive on the brisket or under the thighs, where they usually

abound, as in this case they soon spread all over again.

L " Sulphur, 1 oz. ; fresh lard, 4 ozs., well mixed, makes the right proportions.

" Raw linseed oil, 4 ozs. kerosene, 1 oz. or sulphur, 1 oz.

"Persian insect powder, 1 oz. fresh lard, 4 ozs."

Remarks. Any of these thoroughly mixed and thoroughly rubbed in about

the ears and all along the spine to the tail, briskets, between the thighs, where

the skin is thin, about twice a week will soon eradicate them effectually on,any

animal but with poultry they must also be reached in the cracks and crevices

of their roosts. You will find to put these parasitic animals (lice) into any of

II.

;

III.

,

;

—

;

It is believed the grease stops up the

the above greasy mixtures they soon die.

pores in their skins or surface, and thus kills them, as a man would soon die if

covered with an impenetrable varnish.

But if the above ever fails, try the

following:

IV.

Death for Lice on Animals

w Plants. —Pour boiling water

(1 gal.) on

1 lb. of tobacco leaves; in 20 minutes strain and use it judiciously (simply wet-

ting the parts with a sponge) on animals; on plants more extensively.

—

It is believed that the reason why this may have failed in some

animals and plants, is because stems and not leaves have been

Double the quantity of stems and longer steeping may answer the pur-

Remarks.

cases, both on

used.

pose; but the leaves are undoubtedly the most certain.

V.

Lice on Stock, Simple Remedy for.

the Iowa Homestead, says:

—A Mr. D. K. Shaver, in a

letter to

"A simple, sure and easily applied cure for lice on

animals is to give a few slices of onions in their feed. They eat them readily,

and one or two feeds does the business effectually."

Remarks. Certainly easy to try, and I have not a doubt but what all stock,

•

—

as he says, will eat them readily.

SALT— Its Importance for Milch Cows and Other StockAmount Daily Necessary. — 1.

—

An American, travelIts Importance.

ing in Switzerland, writes that " Here the milch cows are salted early every

morning, and if fed in the stable, as they usually are, the salt is given before

feeding. And they claim that by salting in this way their appetite is improved,

they drink with more regularity, keep in better health, and give more milk,

than when salted in the usual way, as practiced by dairymen in America. The

Swiss dairymen think it very injurious to salt milch cows only once or twice a

•week, as they would lick too much salt at one time, and drink too much water

for the day; they consider that stock in order to do well must be fed with regularity every day alike, and never given too much of anything at one time."

DOMESTIC ANIMALS.

n.

Amount Necessai'y.. — One of our own stockmen says: "Salt should

foe furnished to all

size,

697

animals regularly,

needs 2 to 4 ozs. daily.

A cow, an ox, or a horse, according to

Salt increases the butter in milk, helps the diges-

tion and nutritive processes, and gives a good appetite.

Remarks.

— What more can be asked of any one thing which costs so

little?

I have seen dairymen who keep salt, in some covered place, where all the stock

can lick it at their pleasure, and claim great advantage by it. The Swiss plan,

for milch cows, is, no doubt, the best one; for twice a week, the custom of

Americans, is not often enough to insure all the advantages to be derived from

But the daily plan is undoubtit, if given daily, or at least every other day.

edly the best, as the Swiss put it, lest they drink too much water for the day,

—

The French

Salt, Amount Necessary for Different Kinds of Stock.

III.

government, according to their custom of testing all such points scientifically,

appointed a commission to examine into, and experiment if necessary, which

reported upon the amount proper for different kinds of stock, in ordinary condition, as follows: " For a working ox or a milch cow, 3 ozs. daily; for fattening stall-fed oxen, 2% to 4)^ ozs., according to size and fatness; for fattening

of an oz. fattening sheep, double

hogs, 1 to 3 ozs. for store sheep, J^ to

the amount; for horses and mules, 1 oz."

And a private dairyman found, after many trials, that with 2 ozs. of salt

And the noted French farmer and chemdaily, his cows gave the most milk.

ist, Boussingault, to test it thoroughly, "Fed 6 steers for 13 months, in 3 lots,

the food being the same for each lot; but to one lot he gave IJ^ ozs. of salt

A remarkable difference was at

daily, to an animal, and to the other lot none.

once manifest. The first lot were all sleek, smooth-coated and in perfect condition.

The other became rough, mangy, and ill-conditioned, and weighed at

the end of the test 150 lbs. less than those that had been supplied with salt."

" Many other similar results," says the Michigan Farmer, which gave the

above facts, " might be cited; but there ought to be sufficient to induce those

who still doubt the value of salt for all kinds of farm stock, to test it for them-

^

.

selves."

;

It closed as follows;

" Not only is salt an agreeable and needful article of food, but is in some

diseases almost a specific remedy.

For those parasitic diseases to which sheep

are subject such as the liver-rot (flukes in the liver), verminous bronchitis,

(worms in the bronchial tubes),and worms in the stomach and intestines salt is

an unfailing remedy, as well as an effectual preventive. The irritating worms,

which sometimes infest the rectum, of horses are removed at once by an injection ot a solution of 1 oz. of salt in 1 qt. of water.

But it is as a constant addition to the food that it is most useful as a preservative of the health of our

—

—

domestic animals."

2. Salt and Ashes for Stock off Their Peed, —The Main^

Farmer, says that one of their substantial subscribers recommends with neat

stock (}'oung, growing stock), then why not good for cows when they get-off

their feed?— chewing wood, bones, etc., to mix leached ashes, 1 qt., with the

same amount of salt, and feed to a dozen head once a week, especially in the

—

—

DR. CHASE'S RECIPES.

698

spring of the year, as it improves their appetite and agrees with them wonder,

fully.

I should try it under such conditions whenever they occur.

3. Salt as a Vermifuge, its Value for Cattle, Horses, Sheep

and. Hogs. The New York World, speaking of salt for stock, says: " If you

want to keep your cattle,